Aristotle Greek Lexicon ἤδη

ἤδη

ede

already, by this time

Appears 535 times across Aristotle's works.

Frequency by work

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Dictionary (LSJ)

ἤδη, Adv.: 1. already, by this time, νὺξ ἤ. τελέθει ʼtis already night, Il. 7.282; ἤ. Τρώεσσιν ὀλέθρου πείρατʼ ἐφῆπται ib.402: with numerals, ἤ. γὰρ τρίτον ἔτος Od. 2.89; τρίτην ἤ. ἡμέραν Pl. Prt. 309d; ἔτος τόδʼ ἤ. δέκατον S. Ph. 312; ἦν δʼ ἦμαρ ἤ. δεύτερον ib.354; τελοῦντες ἕκτον ἕβδομόν τʼ ἤ. δρόμον Id. El. 726; ἤ. γὰρ πολὺς ἐκτέταται χρόνος Id. Aj. 1402. 2. forthwith, immediately, φρονέω δὲ διακρινθήμεναι ἤ. Ἁργείους καὶ Τρῶας Il. 3.98; λέξον νῦν με τάχιστα, ὄφρα καὶ ἤδη . . ταρπώμεθα κοιμηθέντες Il. 24.635, cf. Od. 4.294; ἤ. νῦν . . μεγάλʼ εὔχεο Il. 16.844; στείχοις ἂν ἤ. S. Tr. 624; ἤδη . . στέλλεσθε; Id. Ph. 466; μετὰ τοῦτʼ ἤ. Ar. Th. 655; ἤ. ποτέ now at length, Mitteis Chr. 87.8 (ii A.D.); on the verso of a letter, urgent, immediate, PCair. Zen.154 (iii B.C.); ἤ. ἤ. ταχὺ ταχύ PMag.Osl. 1.319. 3. opp. to the future or past, actually, now, οὐκ ὄναρ, ἀλλʼ ὕπαρ ἤ. Od. 20.90; τοῖς μὲν γὰρ ἤ., τοῖς δʼ ἐν ὑστέρῳ χρόνῳ S. OC 614; οἱ μὲν τάχʼ, οἱ δʼ ἐσαῦθις, οἱ δʼ ἤ. E. Supp. 551; οὐ τάχʼ, ἀλλʼ ἤ. Ar. Ra. 527; ἡ ἤ. χάρις present favour, D. 23.134; τὸ ἤ. κολάζειν X. An. 7.7.24. 4. of logical proximity, ἤ. γὰρ ἂν προστίθεσθαι Pl. Tht. 201e; τὰ ἐκ τούτων ἤ. συγκείμενα ib.202b; πᾶς ἤ. ἂν εὕροι Id. R. 398c; ἃν σὺ ὁμολογήσῃς, ταῦτʼ ἤ. ἐστὶν αὐτὰ τἀληθῆ Id. Grg. 486e; τοῦτο τοὔπος δεινὸν ἤ. Ar. Ach. 315; τὰ πάντα τὰ πράγματα διαφθείραντα ταῦτʼ ἐστὶν ἤ. D. 19.19. b. καὶ ἤ. and further, as well, ἐμέ τε καὶ σὲ καὶ τἆλλʼ ἤ. Pl. Tht. 159b, cf. S.E. P. 1.53,219, etc. c. for instance, Aen. Tact.4.1, 10.25. d. only then, then and not before, τότʼ ἤδη A. Pr. 911, Isoc. 12.25, Ep. 6.9; ἐνταῦθʼ ἤ. Aeschin. 3.140; κακοπαθοῦντες ἤ. τῶν λόγων ἅπτονται Th. 1.78. 5. with Sup., ὦ πάντων ἀνδρῶν ἤ. μάλιστα . . κτησάμενε up to this time, Hdt. 8.106; μέγιστος ἤ. διάπλους Th. 6.31: with Comp., ἤδη . . λόγου μέζων Hdt. 2.148. II. joined with other words of time, ἤ. νῦν now already, Il. 1.456, A. Ag. 1578; νῦν ἤ. Od. 23.54, S. Ant. 801 (anap.); ἤ. ποτέ Il. 1.260, S. Aj. 1142, Ar. Nu. 346; ποτʼ ἤ. A. Eu. 50; ἤ. πώποτε Eup. 214, Pl. R. 493d; πάλαι ἤ. S. OC 510 (lyr.); ἤ. τότε even then, Pl. R. 417b; ἐπεὶ ἤ. Od. 4.260; εἰ ἤ. Il. 22.52; τὸ τηνίκʼ ἤ. S. OC 440; τὸ λοιπὸν ἤ. Id. Ph. 454; ἄλλοτε ἤ. πολλάκις Pl. R. 507a; ἤ. γε even now, D. 19.52. III. of place, ἀπὸ ταύτης ἤ. Αἴγυπτος after this Egypt begins, Hdt. 3.5, cf. 2.15,4.99, E. Hipp. 1200; Φωκεῦσιν ἤ. ὅμορος ἡ Βοιωτία ἐστίν Th. 3.95. (In general, cf. Arist. Ph. 222b7.)

Key passages & sense analysis (Bonitz)

Index Aristotelicus. Hermann Bonitz's sense-by-sense analysis of ἤδη — with the passages he singles out as decisive for each meaning — will appear here. That curated, interpretive selection is the layer LSJ and a raw concordance don't provide. Digitisation in progress; this entry is not yet available.
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