τέχνη

τέχνη, ἡ, (τέκτων) A. art, skill, cunning of hand, esp. in metalworking, Od. 3.433, 6.234, 11.614; also of a shipwright, Il. 3.61; of a soothsayer, A. Ag. 249 (pl., lyr.), Eu. 17, S. OT 389, etc.; τέχναι ἑτέρων ἕτεραι Pi. N. 1.25; ὤπασε τ. πᾶσαν Id. O. 7.50. 2. craft, cunning, in bad sense, δολίη τ. Od. 4.455, Hes. Th. 160: pl., arts, wiles, Od. 8.327.332, Hes. Th. 496,929; δολίαις τέχναισι χρησάμενος Pi. N. 4.58; τέχναις τινός by his arts (or simply by his agency), Id. O. 9.52, P. 3.11; τέχνην κακὴν ἔχει he has a bad trick, Hes. Th. 770, cf. Pi. I. 4(3).35(53), S Ph. 88, etc. 3. way, manner, or means whereby a thing is gained, without any definite sense of art or craft, μηδεμιῇ τ. in no wise, Hdt. 1.112; ἰθέῃ τ. straightway, Id. 9.57; πάσῃ τ. by all means, Ar. Nu. 1323, Th. 65, Ec. 366; παντοίᾳ τ. S. Aj. 752, etc.; οὐκ ἀποστήσομαι . . οὔτε τ. οὔτε μηχανῇ οὐδεμιᾷ IG 12.39.22; πάσῃ τ. καὶ μηχανῇ X. An. 4.5.16; μήτε τ. μήτε μηχανῇ μηδεμιᾷ Lys. 13.95. II. an art, craft, πᾶσαι τέχναι βροτοῖσιν ἐκ Προμηθέως A. Pr. 506, cf. IG 12.678; τὴν τ. ἐπίστασθαι to know the craft, Hdt. 3.130; φλαύρως ἔχειν τὴν τ. ibid.; τῆς τ. ἔμπειρος Ar. Ra. 811; ταύτην τέχνην ἔχει he makes this his trade, Lys. 1.16, cf. 6.7; ἐν τῇ τ. εἶναι practise it, S. OT 562, Pl. Prt. 317c; ἐπὶ τέχνῃ μαθεῖν τι to learn a thing professionally, opp. ἐπὶ παιδείᾳ, ib.312b, cf. 315a; τέχναι καὶ ἐργασίαι X. Mem. 3.10.1; τέχνην τὸ πρᾶγμα πεποιημένοι having made a trade of it, D. 37.53; τέχνας ἀσκεῖν, μελετᾶν, ἐργάζεσθαι, to practise them,X. Cyr. 1.6.26,41 (Pass.), Oec. 4.3; πατρῴαν τέχναν ἐργάζεσθαι ἁλιεύεσθαι Πρακτικὰ Ἀρχ. Ἑτ.1932.52 (Dodona, iv B.C.); ἰατρὸς τὴν τ. POxy. 40.5 (ii A.D.); τεθεραπευκὼς ἀνεγκλήτως τῇ τ., of a barber, PEnteux. 47.3 (iii B.C.); παραμενῶ πρὸς ὑπηρεσίαν τῆς τ. (viz. weaving) Sammelb. 7358.20 (iii A.D.); ἀπὸ τεχνῶν τρέφεσθαι live by them, X. Lac. 7.1. III. an art or craft, i.e. a set of rules, system or method of making or doing, whether of the useful arts, or of the fine arts, Epich. 171.11, Pl. Phdr. 245a, Arist. Rh. 1354a11, EN 1140a8; ἡ ἐμπειρία τέχνην ἐποίησεν, ἡ δʼ ἀπειρία τύχην Polus ap. eund.Metaph. 981a4; ἡ περὶ τοὺς λόγους τ. the Art of Rhetoric, Pl. Phd. 90b; οἱ τὰς τ. τῶν λόγων συντιθέντες systems of rhetoric, Arist. Rh. 1354a12, cf. Isoc. 13.19, Pl. Phdr. 271c, Phld. Rh. 2.50 S., al.; hence title of various treatises on Rhetoric (v. VI; but rather tricks of Rhetoric, in Aeschin. 1.117); τέχνῃ by rules of art, Pl. Euthd. 282d; ἢ φύσει ἢ τέχνῃ Id. R. 381b; τέχνῃ καὶ ἐπιστήμῃ Id. Ion 532c; ἄνευ τέχνης, μετὰ τέχνης, Id. Phd. 89e: τ. defined as ἕξις ὁδοποιητική, Zeno Stoic. 1.20, cf. Cleanth. ib.1.110. IV. = τέχνημα, work of art, handiwork, κρατῆρες . . , ἀνδρὸς εὔχειρος τέχνη S. OC 472; ὅπλοις . . , Ἡφαίστου τέχνῃ Id. Fr. 156, cf. Str. 14.1.14, PLond. 3.854.4 (ii A.D.), Paus. 6.25.1, al. V. = συντεχνία, ἡ τ. τῶν λιθουργῶν, τῶν σακκοφόρων, Dumont-Homolle Mélanges d’ archéol. et d’ épigr.p.378 No.65,66 (Perinthus); τ. βυρσέων, συροποιῶν, IGRom. 1.717,1482 (both Philippopolis); τοὺς καταλειπομένους ἀπὸ τῆς τ. BGU 1572.12 (ii A.D.); ὁ χαλκεὺς ἀπὸ τῆς τ. SIG 1140 (Amphipolis). VI. treatise on Grammar, D.T. tit., or on Rhetoric, Anaximenes Lampsacenus tit.