The Homer Reader The Iliad & Odyssey · Greek and English

ὄρνυμι

ornymi

stir, stir up

Appears 240 times across Homer's epics.

Frequency by work

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Dictionary (LSJ)

ὄρνυμι or ὀρνύω, poet. Verb: from the former come imper. ὄρνῠθι, ὄρνῠτε, Il. 6.363, Od. 10.457, al. ; inf. ὀρνύμεναι Il. 17.546, ὀρνύμεν 9.353, al.; and from the latter, pres. ὀρνύει Pi. O. 13.12, cf. Orph. L. 222 : 3sg. and pl. impf. ὤρνυε, -υον, Od. 21.100, Il. 12.142 : fut. ὄρσω 21.335, Pi. N. 9.8, S. Ant. 1060 : aor. ὦρσα Il. 5.629, al., Hes. Th. 523, A. Pers. 496; Ion. 3sg. ὄρσασκε Il. 17.423: redupl. aor. 2 ὤρορε 2.146, Od. 4.712, etc. (but ὤρορε stands for ὄρωρε, Il. 13.78, Od. 8.539):— Med. ὄρνῠμαι, used by Hom. in 3sg. ὄρνυται Il. 5.532, al., imper. ὄρνυσθε ib.102, al., part. ὀρνύμενος 20.158, al.: impf. ὠρνύμην, used by Hom. in 3sg. and pl., ὤρνῠτο Il. 3.267, al., ὤρνυντο Od. 2.397, al.: fut. 3sg. ὀρεῖται Il. 20.140 : aor. 2 ὠρόμην, 3sg. ὤρετο 12.279,14.397, also very freq. ὦρτο, 5.590, al.; 3pl. without augm. ὄροντο Od. 3.471 (but v. ὄρομαι), ὀρέοντο Il. 2.398,23.212 (unless this is impf.); imper. ὄρσο or ὄρσεο, 5.109, al., 3.250, al.; Ion. contr. ὄρσευ 4.264, 19. 139; subj. ὄρηται Od. 16.98,al. ; inf. ὄρθαι Il. 8.474; part. ὀρόμενος A. Th. 87, 115 (both lyr.), ὄρμενος Il. 11.326, al., and in lyr. passages of Trag., A. Ag. 1408 (cf. 429), Supp. 422, S. OT 177: to the Med. also belongs the pf. ὄρωρα, used by Hom. only in 3sg. ὄρωρε (v. supr.), subj. ὀρώρῃ Il. 9.610, al.; and plpf. ὀρώρει 2.810, al. (cf. ὄρομαι), also ὠρώρει 18.498, A. Ag. 653, S. OC 1622:—Pass., perf. ὀρώρεται, = ὄρωρε, Od. 19.377 ; subj. ὀρώρηται Il. 13.271: 3pl. aor. ὦρθεν Corinn. Supp. 1.21. (Cf. Skt. ṛṇóti ‘rush’, aor. 3sg. ārta = ὦρτο, Lat.orior; cf. also ἔρσεο, ἔρσῃ, and ἔρετο in Hsch.) :—A. stir, stir up; esp. 1. of bodily movement, urge on, incite, τινὰ ἐπί τινι Il. 5.629, 12.293; οἱ ἐπʼ αἰετὸν ὦρσε let loose his eagle upon him, Hes. Th. 523; τινὰ ἀντία τινός Il. 20.79; rarely, τινὰ εἰς ἀυάταν Pi. P. 2.29: c. inf., Ζεὺς ὦρσε μάχεσθαι urged them on to fight, Il. 13.794, cf. 17.273; τὴν . . ῥέξαι θεὸς ὤρορεν ἔργον Od. 23.222 ; τόλμα μοι γλῶσσαν ὀρνύει λέγειν Pi. O. 13.12, cf. P. 4.170, S. Ant. 1060:—Med., with pf. ὄρωρα, move, stir oneself, εἰς ὅ κε . . μοι φίλα γούνατʼ ὀρώρῃ while my limbs have power to move, Il. 9.610, cf. Od. 18.133, etc.: used by Hom. in imper. ὄρσεο, up! arise! (like ἄγε and ἴθι) in exhorting, Il. 3.250, al.; ὄρσο 5.109,24.88; ἀλλʼ ὄρσευ πόλεμόνδε 4.264, 19.139: in hostile sense, rush on, rush furiously, ὦρτο δʼ ἐπʼ αὐτοὺς [Ἕκτωρ] 5.590, 11.343; ὦρτο δʼ ἐπʼ αὐτῷ 21.248; ὤρνυτο χαλκῷ Τυδεΐδης 5.17, etc.; ὄρνυται λαός A. Th. 89(lyr.), cf. 419(lyr.), S. OC 1320. 2. make to arise, call forth, ἀπʼ Ὠκεανοῦ . . Ἠριγένειαν ὦρσεν Od. 23.348, cf. 7.169; awaken, arouse from sleep, ὦρσεν . . Ἱπποκόωντα Il. 10.518 ; of animals, start, chase, ὦρσαν δὲ Νύμφαι . . αἶγας ὀρεσκῴους Od. 9.154 ; ὡς δʼ ὅτε νεβρὸν ὄρεσφι κύων . . ὄρσας ἐξ εὐνῆς Il. 22.190 :— Med., arise, start up, esp. from bed, Ἠὼς ἐκ λεχέων . . ὤρνυθʼ II.2 ; ὤρνυτʼ ἄρʼ ἐξ εὐνῆφιν Od. 2.2, etc.; ἀπὸ θρόνου ὦρτο φαεινοῦ Il. 11.645; ἀπὸ χθονὸς ὤρνυτο attacked from . . , 5.13 : abs., ὀρνυμένοιο ἄνακτος Hes. Th. 843: c. inf., rise to do a thing, set about it, οἱ δʼ εὕδειν ὤρνυντο Od. 2.397 (so c. part., ὄρσο κέων get thee to bed, 7.342); ὦρτο . . ἴμεν 7.14, cf. Hes. Sc. 40; ὦρτο πέτεσθαι Il. 13.62, etc.; ὤρετο . . Ζεὺς νειφέμεν started or began to . . , 12.279 ; without inf., ὤρορε θεῖος ἀοιδός Od. 8.539. 3. freq. used of things as well as persons, call forth, excite, of storms and the like, which the gods call forth, ὄρσας . . ἀνέμων . . ἀϋτμήν 11.407, cf. Il. 14.254, 21.335 ; νοῦσον ἀνὰ στρατὸν ὦρσε 1.10, etc.; θεὸς χειμῶνʼ ἄωρον ὦρσε A. Pers. 496 :—and in Med., arise, ὀρώρει δʼ οὐρανόθεν νύξ Od. 5.294, al. ; φλὸξ ὦρτο Il. 8.135 ; ὅτε τις χειμὼν . . ὄροιτο Od. 14.522 ; ὦρτο δὲ κῦμα πνοιῇ ὕπο λιγυρῇ Il. 23.214 ; πῦρ ὄρμενον ἐξαίφνης 17.738, cf. S. OT 177 (lyr.). b. of human actions, passions, and the like, ὄρσαι πόλεμον Il. 4.16 ; ἔριν Od. 3.161 ; ἐν δὲ κυδοιμὸν ὦρσε κακόν Il. 11.53 ; ὑφʼ ἵμερον ὦρσε γόοιο 23.108, al. ; μή μοι γόον ὄρνυθι Od. 17.46, cf. 10.457 ; ἐν φόβον ὦρσε Il. 13.362 ; ἐν μένος ὦρσεν 8.335 :—and in Med., φευγόντων δʼ οὔτʼ ἂρ κλέος ὄρνυται οὔτε τις ἀλκή 5.532 ; καί μοι μένος ὤρορε 13.78 ; ὅππῃ οἱ νόος ὄρνυται Od. 1.347 ; ἔριδος μέγα νεῖκος ὀρώρει Il. 17.384 ; τῶν δὲ στόνος ὤρνυτʼ ἀεικής 10.483, al.; δοῦρα ὄρμενα πρόσσω the darts flying on wards, 11.572 ; ὀρνυμένων πολέμων Pi. O. 8.34 ; ἀφρὸς ἀπὸ χροὸς ὤρνυτο started from the skin, Hes. Th. 191 ; ὠς λόγος ἐκ πατέρων ὄρωρεν Alc. 71. 4. A.R. uses ὄρωρε nearly as = ἐστί, 1.713, al. ; ὀρώρει = ἦν, 2.473, 3.457.—The Verb is mainly used in Ep. and Lyr. poetry; seldom found in Trag. trim., ὄρσω S. Ant. 1060; ὦρσα A. Pers. 496 ; ὄρνυμαι S. OC 1320 ; ὠρώρει ib.1622, A. Ag. 653 ; prob. never in Com. (Ar. Ra. 1529 is mock-Epic) or correct Prose.
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