The Homer Reader The Iliad & Odyssey · Greek and English

νῦν

nyn

now

Appears 743 times across Homer's epics.

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Dictionary (LSJ)

νῦν (for νυν, νυ, v. infr. II), Adv.
now, both of the present moment, and of the present time generally, οἳ ν. βροτοί εἰσιν mortals of our day, Il. 1.272 ; so in Ion. and Att., οἱ ν. [ἄνθρωποι] men of the present day, Hdt. 1.68 ; οἵ γε ν. Pi. O. 1.105, B. 5.4, cf. Arist. Metaph. 1069a26 ; ὁ ν. τρόπος, τὸ ν. βαρβαρικόν, Th. 1.6 ; Βοιωτοὶ οἱ ν. ib. 12 ; ὁ ν. παρὼν χρόνος S. Tr. 174, al., Pl. Prm. 141e ; ἡμέρα ἡ ν. S. OT 351 ; νὺξ ἡ ν. Id. Ant. 16 ; ἡ ν. ὁδός Id. El. 1295 ; τὸ ν. the present, Arist. Ph. 218a6, al. ; ἀπὸ τοῦ ν. Pl. Prm. 152c, LXX Ge. 46.30, etc. ; ἀπὸ ν. AP 5.40 (Rufin.) ; ἕως τοῦ ν. LXX Ge. 46.34 ; μέχρι ν. (v.l. μ. τοῦ ν.) D.S. 17.110 ; τὰ ν. simply, = ν., Hdt. 7.104, E. Heracl. 641, etc. ; τό περ ν. Pi. N. 7.101 ; τὰ δὲ ν. S. OC 133 (lyr.) ; τὸ ν. εἶναι Pl. R. 506e, X. Cyr. 5.3.42, Arist. Ath. 31.2 ; τὸ ν. ἔχον Act.Ap. 24.25.
2. of the immediate past, just now, but now, ν. Μενέλαος ἐνίκησεν Il. 3.439, cf. 13.772, Od. 1.43, S. OC 84, X. Cyr. 4.5.48 ; ν. γοῦν ἐπεχείρησας Pl. R. 341c ; ἡλίκα ν. ἐτραγῴδει D. 18.13.
3. of the future, presently, ν. αὖτʼ ἐγχείῃ πειρήσομαι Il. 5.279, cf. 20.307, Od. 1.200 ; ν. φεύξομαι, τόθʼ ἁγνὸς ὤν E. El. 975 ; cf. νῦν δή, νυνί.
4. sts. opp. to what might have been under other circumstances, as it is (or was), as the case stands (or stood), as a matter of fact, ν. δʼ ὁ μὲν ὣς ἀπόλωλε Od. 1.166 ; εἰ μὲν ὑπώπτευον, οὐκ ἂν . . ἐποιούμην· ν. δὲ κτλ. Th. 4.126, cf. 1.122, 3.113, Pl. Cra. 384b, D. 18.195, etc. ; καὶ ν. even so, X. An. 7.4.24, 7.7.17.
5. coupled with other Particles, τὰ ν. γε S. Ph. 245, etc. ; ν. γε μάν Pi. P. 1.50 ; ν. δή, v. h. v. : with other expressions of Time, ν. . . σήμερον, ν. ἡμέρη ἥδε, Il. 7.29, 13.828 ; ν. ἤδη henceforth, S. Ant. 801 (anap.), etc. ; ν. . . ἄρτι but now, Pl. Cra. 396c.
II. enclit. (but see below) νυν, νυ. [νυ only Ep., Boeot., and Cypr. (also Arc. in ὅνυ, q. v.) ; νῠν twice in Hom., Il. 10.105, 23.485 : ῡ/ῠ in Trag. (ῡ A. Th. 242, 246, S. Ant. 705, E. Or. 1678, etc. ; ῠ S. Tr. 92, E. Andr. 91, etc.), ῡ in Com. (Ar. V. 1381, Pl. 975, al.), exc. Cratin. 144, Ar. Th. 105 (lyr., citing Agatho), and perh. Nu. 141 ; both quantities in τοίνυν, q.v.]
1. rarely of Time, now, perh. so used in Il. 10.105, cf. Parm. 19.1, Pi. P. 11.44, al., Epich. 170.6.
2. in Ep. mostly as a particle of emphasis, ἧκε δʼ ἐπʼ Ἀργείοισι κακὸν βέλος· οἱ δέ νυ λαοὶ θνῇσκον Il. 1.382, etc. : freq. coupled with other Particles or Conjs., ἦ ῥά ν. 4.93 ; καί νύ κεν 3.373 ; οὔ ν., μή νύ τοι, 10.165, 1.28 ; ἐπεί νύ τοι ib. 416 ; ὥς νύ περ 2.258.
3. in commands or entreaties, μή ν. μοι νεμεσήσετʼ 15.115 : freq. with other Advbs., δεῦρό ν. come now ! 23.485 ; ἐνταῦθά ν. ὕβριζε A. Pr. 82, cf. Ar. Th. 1001, V. 149, Pl. 724 ; εἶά ν. Id. Pax 467, V. 430, Pl. 316 : freq. with imper., φέρε ν. ib. 789 ; ἄγε ν. Id. Pax 1056, V. 381 ; σπεῦδέ ν. Id. Pl. 414 ; σίγαν. S. Aj. 87, Cratin. l.c. ; περίδου ν. Ar. Nu. 644, cf. X. Cyr. 5.3.21, etc. ; ὕφαινέ ν. B. Dith. 5.8 (Irigoin); so in Boeot., ν. ἔνθω IG 7.3172.88 (Orchom.) ; also in Cypr. with opt. in commands, δυϝάνοι ν., δώκοι ν., Inscr.Cypr. 135.6,16 H. (Idalion).
4. in questions, τίς ν. ; τί ν. ; who, what, why now? Il. 5.373, 1.414, 4.31 ; ἦ νυ . . ; Od. 6.125. [In signf. I always perispom. In signf. II perispom. exc. when short, Hdn.Gr. 2.39, al. ; enclit. when short, sts. in codd., as Il. 23.485 (Pap. in AJP 21.304, etc. ; oxyt. when = δή, Tyrannio ap. Hdn.Gr. 2.27 ; καθʼ ὁμαλισμόν or κατʼ ἔγκλισιν when=δή, Sch. Ar. Pl. 414, Sch. A.R. 1.664). In codd. usu. perispom. in both senses, A. Pr. 82, Th. 242, 246, S. Ant. 705, El. 324, Ar. Pl. 414, V. 758, 922, etc. ; even νῠν is written νῦν in codd. vett. Pi. passim, also in S. Aj. 87, Tr. 92, etc. ; hence νυν may freq. be restored where the sense requires it. The accent of τοίνυ⏓ν perh. shows that both νῠν and νῡν could be enclitic.—Position : in signf. I νῦν can occupy any position ; in signf. II it prefers (like other enclitics, but also like ἄν, δέ, γάρ, etc.) the second place in the sentence, e.g. πρός νύν σε πατρός S. Ph. 468, cf. OC 1333 ; ἀπό νύν με λείπετʼ ἤδη Id. Ph. 1177 (lyr.) ; μετά νυν δός E. Supp. 56 (lyr.) ; νυ (always enclitic) precedes other enclitics and allows only δέ to precede.] (Cf. Skt. nú, nú̄, nūnám, OE. nū ‘now’, etc.)
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