The Homer Reader The Iliad & Odyssey · Greek and English

κραίνω

kraino

accomplish, fulfil

Appears 19 times across Homer's epics.

Frequency by work

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Dictionary (LSJ)

κραίνω, Od. 19.567: fut. κρᾰνέω Emp. 111.2; Att. contr. κρᾰνῶ A. Ch. 1075, E. Supp. 375 [κρᾱνῶ in compd. ἐπικρᾱνεῖ A. Ag. 1340 codd., nisi leg. -κράνῃ vel -κραίνει]: aor. ἔκρᾱνα ib. 369; Ep. and Ion. ἔκρηνα, inf. κρῆναι, Od. 5.170, Herod. 7.69 (dub.):—Med., fut. inf. in pass. sense κρᾰνέεσθαι Il. 9.626: aor. ἐπ-εκρήναντο Q.S. 14.297:—Pass., fut. κρανθήσομαι A. Pr. 911: aor. ἐκράνθην Pi. P. 4.175, E. Hec. 219: κέκρανται 3 sg. pf. Pass., A. Supp. 943, also 3 pl., E. Hipp. 1255 (sed leg. συμφορά).—Hom. (v. infr.) mostly uses the Ep. pres. κραιαίνω, impf. ἐκραίαινεν, aor. imper. κρήηνον, κρηήνατε, inf. κρηῆναι: 3 sg. pf. Pass. ἐπι-κεκράανται Od. 4.616: plpf. ἐπι-κεκράαντο ib. 132: aor. ἐκρᾱάνθην Theoc. 25.196. (Orig. κρᾱαίνω (ἐκράαινεν has Ms. authority in Il. 5.508, ἐπεκράαινε in 2.419, ἐπεκράανε in 3.302; cf. κράανον· τέλεσον Hsch., ἐπικραᾶναι· τῇ κεφαλῇ ἐπινεῦσαι, τελέσαι Id.), contr. κραίνω, κρῆναι, etc. and by distraction κραιαίνω, κρηῆναι, etc.: κρᾱαίνω from κρᾱσ-ṇ-yω (κάρα, κράατα) = κεφαλαιόω ‘achieve’.):—
poet. Verb, accomplish, fulfil, τόδε μοι κρήηνον ἐέλδωρ Il. 1.41, 504, cf. Od. 17.242; οἵ μευ φέρτεροί εἰσι νοῆσαί τε κρῆναί τε better than I both to conceive and accomplish, 5.170; κρῆνον νῦν καὶ ἐμοὶ . . ἔπος ὅττι κεν εἴπω 20.115; καί τε κραίνουσιν ἕκαστα, of the Thriae, h.Merc. 559; ἐπεὶ μούνῳ σοι ἐγὼ κρανέω τάδε πάντα Emp. l.c.; μαντεύματα κ. give true oracles, E. Ion 464 (lyr.); δίκας θνατοῖσι κραίνων B. 12.45; τοῦ δʼ ἐκραίαινεν ἐφετμάς Il. 5.508, cf. Pi. O. 3.11; οἵ ῥʼ ἔτυμα κραίνουσι those dreams come true, Od. 19.567; freq. in A., esp. of Fate, as Pr. 512, al., cf. S. OC 914, Tr. 127 (lyr.), etc.:—Pass., with fut. Med., to be accomplished, brought to pass, οὐ γάρ μοι δοκέει μύθοιο τελευτὴ τῇδέ γʼ ὁδῷ κρανέεσθαι Il. 9.626; πατρὸς δʼ ἀρὰ . . τότʼ ἤδη παντελῶς κρανθήσεται A. Pr. 911, cf. 213; κέκρανται ψῆφος the vote hath been cast, Id. Supp. 943; ψῆφος ἡ κρανθεῖσα E. Hec. 219; λάχη τάδʼ ἐφʼ ἁμὶν ἐκράνθη A. Eu. 347 (lyr.):— for the phrase ἐπὶ χείλεα κεκράαντο, v. ἐπικραίνω; of a person, ἐκράνθην I was perfected (Sch. ἐπετελέσθην), Pi. Pae. 9.34.
2. ordain, A. Ag. 369 (lyr.), E. El. 1248, Supp. 139.
II. = τιμᾶν, Hsch.; so perh. in h.Merc. 427 κραίνων ἀθανάτους τε θεοὺς καὶ γαῖαν ἐρεμνήν, ὡς ἐγένοντο (less prob. finishing [the tale of] the gods and earth, how they were made).
III. abs., exercise sway, reign, δώδεκα γὰρ κατὰ δῆμον . . ἀρχοὶ κραίνουσι Od. 8.391: c. acc. cogn., κ. σκῆπτρα sway the staff of rule, S. OC 449; θέμιστας Orph. A. 1297.
2. after Hom., c. gen., reign over, govern, στρατοῦ, τῆς χώρας, τῆσδε γῆς, χθονός, S. Aj. 1050, OC 296, 862, 926: in later Ep. c. dat., Orph. A. 475: c. acc., κ. Διὸς οἴκους IG 14.433 (Tauromenium); ἐπὶ σπλῆνα κ., of a vein, dominate, Aret. CA 2.2, cf. CD 1.2.
IV. intr., come to an end, result in a thing, ποῖ δῆτα κρανεῖ; A. Ch. 1075 (anap.); of disease, culminate, be at its worst, Aret. SD 2.8, CA 1.1.
2. Medic., of bones, etc., terminate, ὅπῃ κραίνουσι Hp. Art. 45, cf. Aret. SD 1.7, 8; extend, ἀπὸ ἥπατος ἐς νεφρούς Id. CA 2.6.
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