ῥήγνυμι

ῥήγνυμι or ῥηγνύω (ἀναρ- Hp. Flat. 10: impf. κατ-ερρήγνυε D. 21.63, etc.); later ῥήσσω, Gal. 10.640, Orib. Fr. 93, Gloss.; ῥήσσεσθαι PHolm. 6.3, cf. 4.22; ἀπο-, δια-ρρήσσεσθαι, Hp. Int. 17,42; ῥήττω, Str. 11.14.8, Dsc. 4.150 (v.l. ῥήσσει), (περι-) Id. 2.98, 3.18 (v.l. περιρρήσσει) ; ῥήττεσθαι Bito 45.8, Str. 7.3.18: Ep. impf. ῥήγνυσκε Il. 7.141: fut. ῥήξω 12.262, Hdt. 2.2, (ἐκ-) S. Aj. 775: aor. ἔρρηξα Il. 3.348, Pi. N. 8.29, Ar. Nu. 960; ῥῆξα Il. 6.6: pf. ἔρρηχα (δι-) LXX 2 Ki. 14.30, 15.32:—Med. ῥήγνῠμαι, fut. ῥήξομαι, aor. ἐρρηξάμην, all in Il. (12.257, 224,291), pres. also in Hp. VC 4,12: aor. ἐρρηξάμην E. Heracl. 835, (κατ-) X. Cyr. 3.1.13; Ep. 3pl. ῥήξαντο Il. 11.90:—Pass., subj. ῥήγνῡται Hippon. 19.4: Ep. 3sg. impf. ῥηγνύατο Arat. 817: fut. ῥᾰγήσομαι Plu. 2.668a, (διαρ-, ἐκ-) Ar. Eq. 340, A. Pr. 369, etc.: aor. ἐρράγην [ᾰ] S. Fr. 578, Ar. Nu. 583, etc.; later ἐρρήχθην, Tryph. 11; δια-ρρηχθῇ (v.l. -ρραγῇ) Hp. Int. 29: pf. ἔρρηγμαι (συν-) Od. 8.137; but intr. pf. ἔρρωγα is more freq., v. infr. C.1; pf. part. fem. ἐρρηγεῖα, v. infr. C.2; masc. pl. κατ-ερρηγότας Hsch. The word is hardly used by correct Att. Prose-writers, exc. in Pass.:—A. break asunder, rend, shatter, τεῖχος Il. 12.198; πύλας 13.124; σάκος 21.165; θώρηκας 2.544; ἱμάντα 3.375; νευρήν 8.328; ὀστέον 20.399; χρόα 23.673; only once in Od., προτόνους ἔρρηξʼ ἀνέμοιο θύελλα 12.409:—later, esp. rend garments, in sign of grief, ῥ. πέπλους A. Pers. 199, 468; ῥ. ἕλκεα make grievous wounds, Pi. N. 8.29; ῥ. ὀστᾶ, σάρκας, E. HF 994, Ba. 1130; ἀρότροις γῆς δάπεδον Ar. Pl. 515: in Ion. and later Prose, ῥήγνυσι . . τὸν ἀμφὶ τὴν ὄψιν χιτῶνα Hp. VM 19; ῥήττειν νευράν Str. 15.1.57; τὰ δεσμά Luc. DDeor. 17.1; τὰς πύλας Id. Par. 46; μὴ στραφέντες ῥήξωσιν ὑμᾶς Ev.Matt. 7.6:—Med., break for oneself, get broken, ὄρνυσθʼ . . ῥήγνυσθε δὲ τεῖχος Il. 12.440, cf. 224, 257, 291:—Pass., v. infr. B. 2. break a line of battle or body of men, ῥ. φάλαγγα, ὅμιλον, στίχας ἀνδρῶν, Il. 6.6, 11.538, 15.615; τὸ μέσον ῥῆξαι break through the centre, Hdt. 6.113: abs., ἐρρηξάτην ἐς κύκλα . . ὅπλων broke through, S. Fr. 210.9:— Med., ῥήξασθαι φάλαγγας, στίχας, break oneself a way through the lines, Il. 11.90, 13.680, cf. E. Heracl. 835; ῥηξαμένῳ θέσθαι παρὰ νηυσὶ κέλευθον Il. 12.411. 3. let break loose, ἔριδα ῥ. 20.55 (Med.). 4. after Hom., ῥῆξαι φωνήν let loose the voice, of children and persons who have been dumb or silent, break into speech, speak out, Hdt. 1.85, 2.2, 5.93, cf. Ar. Nu. 357,960; ῥῆξαι αὐδήν E. Supp. 710; later ῥήξασθαι φωνήν, θρόον αὐδῆς, φθόγγον, utter, AP 5.221 (Agath.), 7.597 (Jul.), 9.61: abs., ῥῆξον καὶ βόησον cry aloud, LXXIs. 54.1; v. infr.c. 5. also δακρύων ῥήξασα . . νάματα having let loose, having burst into floods of tears, S. Tr. 919; κλαυθμὸν ῥ. Plu. Per. 36; ῥ. τὰ ὄρη εὐφροσύνην LXX Is. 49.13; ῥήγνυσι πηγὰς ὁ χῶρος Plu. Mar. 19; ῥ. νεφέλην ἔς τινας Philostr. Im. 2.27; v. infr. B. B. Pass., break, break asunder, burst, κῦμα ῥήγνυτο Il. 18.67; κῦμα . . χέρσῳ ῥηγνύμενον 4.425, Hes. Sc. 377; of clouds, Ar. Nu. 378; ῥαγῆναί τι τῆς γῆς, as in an earthquake, Pl. R. 359d; ῥαγεῖσα Θηβαίων κόνις S. Fr. 958; ἱμάτια ῥαγέντα X. Cyr. 1.6.16; ὀστέον ῥήγνυται τιτρωσκόμενον Hp. VC 4; ῥήττονται ὑδρίαι (by the cold) Str. 7.3.18; τοῖς βασκάνοις εἶναι ῥήγνυσθαι may the envious burst, Aristid. Or. 50 (26).69; τοῖς εἴ τις εὐδοκιμήσειεν ἐπί τῳ ῥηγνυμένοις Lib. Or. 29.13, cf. Or. 1.207. 2. burst forth, like lightning, βροντὴ δʼ ἐρράγη διʼ ἀστραπῆς S. Fr. 578, Ar. Nu. 583, cf. Plu. 2.919b; so καταμηνίων ῥαγέντων Hp. Aph. 5.32, cf. Nat.Mul. 13, Arist. HA 582b10, etc. 3. of ships, to be wrecked, D. 56.21: metaph., πολλῶν ῥαγεισῶν ἐλπίδων A. Ag. 505. 4. of a stone, γράμματι ῥηγνύμενον scored with lettering, i.e. inscribed, Puchstein Epigr.Gr.p.76 (Memphis, i B.C.). C. intr., like Pass., break or burst forth, ἔρρηξεν ἔμετος Hp. Epid. 4.24; τὸ πνεῦμα ῥήγνυσι Id. Nat.Puer. 12; εἰ ἐθελήσει ῥήξας ὑπερβῆναι ὁ ποταμός Hdt. 2.99: metaph., ὁποῖα χρῄζει ῥηγνύτω S. OT 1076 (in answer to the words δέδοιχʼ ὅπως μὴ . . ἀναρρήξει κακά): freq. in this signf. in pf. ἔρρωγα, to have broken out, ἔρρωγε παγὰ δακρύων Id. Tr. 852 (lyr.): metaph., κακῶν πέλαγος ἔρρωγεν A. Pers. 433; τάδʼ ἐκ δυοῖν ἔρρωγεν . . κακά S. OT 1280; σοὶ τάδʼ ἔρρωγεν κακά E. Hipp. 1338; ἐρρωγότες λόγοι broken, disjointed, Com.Adesp. 661. 2. in lit. sense, γῆ ἐρρηγεῖα ( -υῖα) broken, arable, opp. ἄρρηκτος, Tab.Heracl. 1.18,al. (ϝρηγ- (cf. Aeol. aor. Pass. εὐράγη Hdn.Gr.2.640, ϝρῆξις, αὔρηκτος), cogn. with Lith. rēžti ‘cut, notch, furrow’, rúožas ‘stripe, streak, strip’.)