προέχω

προέχω, contr. προὔχω, as always in Hom., exc. Od. 12.11 (v. infr. B), also in S. and Th.: fut. προέξω: aor. προέσχον, Med. προεσχόμην, προὐσχόμην, cf. προΐσχω:—A. hold before, τὴν ἀσπίδα τῆς κωλῆς Ar. Nu. 989; esp. so as to protect another, τὼ χεῖρε π. X. Cyr. 2.3.10:—Med., hold before oneself, προὔχοντο ἑκάστοθι ἐννέα ταύρους Od. 3.8; hold out before one, πρὸ δούρατʼ ἔχοντο Il. 17.355, cf. Hdt. 2.42; προὐσχόμην σε held you out as a child (to do your needs), Ar. Nu. 1385. 2. metaph. in Med., put forward as a pretext, τάδʼ ἂν προὔχοιο S. Ant. 80; ὅπερ μάλιστα προὔχονται εἰ καθαιρεθείη, μὴ ἂν γίγνεσθαι τὸν πόλεμον the cancellation of which is the chief consideration in return for which they pretend that war would not occur, Th. 1.140. b. hold forth, offer, ἃ προείχοντο αὐτοῖς Id. 3.68: προΐσχομαι (q.v.) is more usual in this sense. II. to be possessed or informed of a thing beforehand, π. τῶν Ἀθηναίων οὐ φιλίας γνώμας Hdt. 9.4, cf. D.S. 31.27, D.C. 43.3. 2. have before, ἃ προεῖχεν μισθῷ ὁ . . Πτολεμαῖος had hitherto on lease, BGU 889.9 (ii A.D.), cf. Sammelb. 5672.5 (ii A.D.), etc.; εἰς τοῦτο ὑπολόγησον ὃ προέχουσι what they have already received, PPetr. 2p.32(iii B.C.): abs., ὁ προέχων the first recipient, Arist. EN 1164b9. B. intr., jut out, project, in Hom. in a local sense, of headlands, towers, hills, ὅθʼ ἀκρότατος πρόεχʼ ἀκτή Od. 12.11, cf. 10.90; ἐπʼ ἠϊόνας προὐχούσας 6.138; πύργῳ ἐπὶ προὔχοντι Il. 22.97; ἐπὶ προὔχοντι μελάθρῳ Od. 19.544; ἀκτὴ προέχουσα ἐς τὸν πόντον Hdt. 4.177, cf. Th. 4.109,6.97; τὸ προὔχον τῆς ἐμβολῆς Id. 2.76: generally, project, c. gen., προέχουσα κάρης εὐρεῖα καλύπτρη Call. Fr. 125. II. in running, to be the first, have the start, Il. 23.325: c. gen., ἡμέρης ὁδῷ π. τῶν Περσέων keep ahead of them by a dayʼs march, Hdt. 4.120; προέχων τῶν ἄλλων [ὁ ἵππος] getting before the rest, Id. 9.22; τῇ κεφαλῇ π. beat by a head, in racing, X. Cyr. 4.3.16: of Time, προεῖχε [ἡ τριήρης] ἡμέρᾳ καὶ νυκτί started first by . . , Th. 3.49; π. εἴκοσιν ἔτεσιν Pl. Lg. 879c: metaph., have the advantage of, τινὸς τῷ διπλασίῳ Antipho 3.3.2. 2. of rank, c. gen., δήμου προὔχουσιν they are the first or chief of the people, h.Cer. 151; τοῦ Δωρικοῦ, τοῦ Ἰωνικοῦ [γένεος], Hdt. 1.56: abs., to be superior, Th. 1.39, 3.82; ἀνθρωπεία φύσις πολεμία τοῦ προὔχοντος to all that is eminent, Id. 3.84; οἱ προὔχοντες the chief men, Id. 5.17; οἱ π. [βίοι] the principal kinds of lives, Arist. EN 1095b18. 3. surpass, excel, Th. 7.66: freq. c. gen., τὸ Ἄργος π. ἅπασι τῶν ἐν τῇ . . χώρῃ in all things, Hdt. 1.1, cf. 32; τέχνα γὰρ τέχνας ἑτέρας προὔχει S. Ph. 138(lyr.); πολὺ προὔχουσα θεάων Call. Del. 218; π. αὐτέων τοσοῦτον ὅσον . . Hdt. 2.136; πολλῷ π. Id. 3.82; π. δυνάμει, πλήθει καὶ ἐμπειρίᾳ, Th. 1.18, 121; τοσοῦτον ἐκείνων μεγέθει π. Luc. Musc.Enc. 1: also π. τινὸς τιμήν to be preferred to him in honour, S. Ant. 208; π. ἔν τινος λαμπρότητι Th. 6.16; μικρὸν π. ἐν τοῖς μεγάλοις μᾶλλον ἢ πολὺ διαφέρειν ἐν τοῖς μικροῖς Isoc. 10.5; κατά τι Luc. Am. 30. b. rarely c. acc. pers., X. An. 3.2.19(nisi secl. [ἡμᾶς]):—Pass., to be excelled, οὐθὲν π. ὑπὸ τοῦ Διός Plu. 2.1038d; to be in worse case, Ep.Rom. 3.9. III. impers., οὔ τι προέχει it is of no advantage, c. inf., Hdt. 9.27.