πλεύμων

πλεύμων or πνεύμων, ονος, ὁ (on the form and deriv., v. sub fin.), A. the lungs, πάγη δʼ ἐν πλεύμονι χαλκός Il. 4.528, 20.486 (v.l.); ὁ τῶν πνευμάτων τῷ σώματι ταμίας ὁ π. Pl. Ti. 84d, cf. 70c, Arist. Resp. 476a9, LXX 3 Ki. 22.34: mostly in pl., Archil. 9.5, Alc. 39.1, A. Th. 61, S. Tr. 567, etc.; διὰ πνευμόνων θερμὸν ἄησιν ὕπνον A. Fr. 178A; πνεῦμʼ ἀνεὶς ἐκ πλευμόνων E. Or. 277; regarded as the most vital part, σπαραγμὸς . . πλευμόνων ἀνθήψατο S. Tr. 778, cf. Ar. Lys. 367, Ra. 474; πλευμόνων πολὺς πόνος ib.829; as the seat of love, [Κύπρις] Διὸς τυραννεῖ πλευμόνων S. Fr. 941.15. II. sea-lungs, jelly-fish, Pl. Phlb. 21c, Arist. PA 681a18, Thphr. Sign. 40, Pytheas ap. Plb. 34.3.4; term of abuse applied by Epicurus to Nausiphanes, Epicur. Frr. 114, 236. (Gramm. differ as to the forms. Eust. (483.10, 1436.62) and Phot. both recognize πλεύμων as the Homeric and ancient form; this was also the true Att. form, Moer. p.309 P., Sch.Ar. Pax 1069, Eust. 483.10; it is found in the best codd. of A. Th. 61, S. Tr. 567, as well as in codd. of Alc. (l.c. ap.Ath. 10.430b), Hp. (Art. 41, Prog. 23, al., cf. i p.cxx K.), Ar., Pl., and Arist., also in Pap., Phld. Ir.pp.27,28 W., and Inscr., IG 42(1).122.56 (Epid., iv B. C.), and is doubtless the original form, which was altered in accordance with a supposed deriv. from πνεῦμα suggested by Arist. Resp. 476a9, cf. EM 677.31. Cf. Lith. plaũčiai ‘lungs’, cogn. with πλέω, as ‘that which floats’, cf. Engl. lights, also lungs, cogn. with ἐλαφρός.)