Plato › Greek Lexicon › οἶδα

οἶδα

oida

see

Appears 1,037 times across Plato's dialogues.

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Dictionary (LSJ)

οἶδα, pf. morphology, οἶδα I know, used as pres.: plpf. ᾔδεα (v. infr.), I knew, used as impf.:— pf. οἶδα, Aeol. ὄϊδα Alc. 145; 2sg. οἶδας once in Hom., Od. 1.337, cf. h.Merc. 456, Thgn. 491, Hippon. 89, Hp. Acut. 67, E. Alc. 780, Philem. 44.3 codd.; οἶσθα elsewh. in Hom., Att., etc.; in Com. also sts. οἶσθας Cratin. 105, Alex. 15.11, Men. 348.5, cf. Herod. 2.55; pl., ἴσμεν, Ep., Aeol., and Dor. ἴδμεν, also Ion., Hdt. 1.6, al.; ἴστε, ἴσασι [ῐς- Od. 2.211, al., but ῑσ- ib.283, al.]; οἴδαμεν Hdt. 2.17, οἴδατε AP 12.81 (Mel.), οἴδᾱσι Hdt. 2.43, X. Oec. 20.14 codd.; dual, οἴδατον Socr. Ep. 22.1: imper. ἴσθι, ἴστω, Boeot. ἴττω, late ἰδέτω Phalar. Ep. 122 codd.: from 3pl. ἴσασι (ἴσαντι Epich. 53) were formed Dor. 1sg. ἴσᾱμι Epich. 254, Pi. P. 4.248; 3sg. ἴσατι IG 14.644.4 (Bruttii); 1pl. ἴσᾰμεν Pi. N. 7.14, ἴσαμες prob. in Dialex. 6.12; Cret. 3pl. subj. ἴθθαντι GDI 5024; inf. ϝισάμην Kohler-Ziebarth Stadtrecht von Gortyn 34 No.3.19; part. ἴσας A.D. Adv. 175.19, dat. sg. ἴσαντι Pi. P. 3.29, Cret. pl. ἴθθαντες GDI 5024: subj. εἰδῶ (εἰδέω, ἰδέω, Il. 14.235, Od. 16.236), Ion. 3pl. εἰδέωσι SIG 45.21 (Halic., V B.C.); Ep. also εἴδω Od. 1.174, al. (cf. Hdn. Gr.2.131), εἴδομεν Il. 1.363, εἴδετε Od. 9.17: opt. εἰδείην, 1pl. εἰδεῖμεν Pl. La. 190b, R. 582a: inf. εἰδέναι, Ep. ἴδμεναι, ἴδμεν, also ἰδέμεν Pi. N. 7.25: part. εἰδώς, εἰδυῖα, Ep. also ἰδυῖα, Elean ϝειζώς Schwyzer 409:—plpf. ᾔδεα Il. 14.71, Hdt. 2.150, contr. ᾔδη S. Ant. 18, Ar. Av. 511, Pl. Smp. 199a, ᾔδησθα Od. 19.93, Eup. 416, etc. (but ᾔδεισθα freq. in codd., Ar. Ec. 551, E. Cyc. 108, Pl. Men. 80d, al.), ᾔδεε (ν) Il. 17.402, al., ᾔδη 1.70, al. (also later Att., acc. to Aristarch. ap. Choerob. in Theod. 2.86), Att. contr. ᾔδει (ν) E. Ion 1187, Ar. V. 558, etc.; Ep. 2 and 3sg. ἠείδης, ἠείδη (v.l. -εις, - ει), Il. 22.280, Od. 9.206; Att. also 1sg. ᾔδειν D. 37.24, 2sg. ᾔδεις Ar. Th. 554, etc.; pl., ᾔδειμεν Aeschin. 3.82, Arist. APo. 87b40, ᾔδεμεν Men. 14D. (to be read in S. OT 1232), ᾔδειτε D. 55.9, etc. (ᾔδετε prob. in E. Ba. 1345), Ion. ᾐδέατε Hdt. 9.58 (συν-) , ᾔδεισαν LXX Ge. 42.23, Str. 15.3.23, ᾔδεσαν Hdt. 7.175, Thgn. 54, etc.; late Ep. ᾔδειν, ἠείδειν, A.R. 2.65,4.1700, also ᾖσμεν, ᾖστε, ᾖσαν, Ar. Fr. 149.4 (prob.), S. Fr. 340, E. Cyc. 231, etc.; Ep. 3pl. ἴσαν Il. 18.405, Od. 4.772:—fut., in this sense, εἴσομαι Il. 1.548, Hp. VM 20, Ar. Ach. 332, etc.; also εἰδήσω Od. 7.327, Hdt. 7.234, Isoc. 1.44, Aen.Tact. 31.5, Arist. Top. 108a28, Herod. 5.78, Apollon.Perg. Con. 1 Praef., etc.; inf. εἰδησέμεν Od. 6.257.—The aor. and pf. are usu. supplied by γιγνώσκω; aor. 1 inf. εἰδῆσαι is found in Hp. Acut.(Sp.) 22, Epid. 6.8.25 (ἐξ-), Arist. EN 1156b27, Thphr. Char. Prooem. 4; imper. εἴδησον PCair.Zen. 36.2 (iii B.C.); 3pl. subj. εἰδήσωσιν Herzog Koische Forschungen No.190 (ii/i B.C.):—A. know, have knowledge of, be acquainted with, Hom., etc.: c. acc. rei, ὃς ᾔδη τά τʼ ἐόντα τά τʼ ἐσσόμενα πρό τʼ ἐόντα Il. 1.70; νοήματα, μήδεα οἶδε, Od. 2.122, Il. 18.363, etc.: less freq. c. acc. pers., τούτους μὲν δὴ οἶδα Od. 4.551, cf. Pl. R. 365e, D. 54.34, etc.; πρῶτος ὧν ἡμεῖς ἴδμεν the first we know of, Hdt. 1.6, etc.; παλαίτατος ὧν ἀκοῇ ἴσμεν Th. 1.4: strengthd. by εὖ or σάφα, εὖ τόδʼ ἴσθι know well, be assured of this, E. Med. 593; σάφʼ οἶδʼ ἐγώ A. Supp. 740, etc.: freq. in Hom. with neut. Adj., to express character or disposition, ἄγρια οἶδε has fierceness in his heart, Il. 24.41; ἀθεμίστια ᾔδη had law lessness in his heart, Od. 9.189; αἴσιμα, ἄρτια ᾔδη, 14.433, 19.248; εἴ μοι ἤπια εἰδείη if he were kindly disposed towards me, Il. 16.73; φίλα εἰδότες ἀλλήλοισιν Od. 3.277; κεχαρισμένα, πεπνυμένα εἰδώς, 8.584, 24.442: c. gen., ὃς σάφα θυμῷ εἰδείη τεράων Il. 12.229; ὃς πάσης εἰδῇ σοφίης 15.412; τόξων ἐῢ εἰδώς cunning with the bow, 2.718; αἰχμῆς ἐῢ εἰ. 15.525; οἰωνῶν σάφα εἰδώς Od. 1.202; ἐῢ εἰδὼς τεκτοσυνάων 5.250; μάχης ἐῢ εἰδότε πάσης Il. 2.823; κύνε εἰδότε θήρης 10.360; παῖδʼ ἔτʼ ἐόντʼ οὔ πω μάλα εἰδότε θούριδος ἀλκῆς 11.710; εἰδὼς πυγμαχίης 23.665; θεοπροπίων ἐῢ εἰδώς 6.438; χάριν εἰδέναι τινί acknowledge a debt to another, thank him, 14.235, Hdt. 3.21, etc.: imper., freq. in protestations, ἴστω νῦν Ζεὺς αὐτός be Zeus my witness, Il. 10.329; ἴστω νῦν τόδε Γαῖα 15.36, etc.; Boeot. ἴττω Ἡρακλῆς etc., Ar. Ach. 860, etc.: part. εἰδώς, abs., one who knows, one acquainted with the fact, ἰδυίῃ πάντʼ ἀγορεύω Il. 1.365; μετʼ εἰδόσιν ἀγορεύειν 10.250; μακρηγορεῖν ἐν εἰδόσιν Th. 2.36, cf. 3.53; μαθεῖν παρὰ τοῦ εἰδότος Pl. R. 337d, etc.; also ἰδυίῃσι πραπίδεσσι with knowing mind, Il. 1.608,al. 2. c. inf., know how to do, οἶδʼ ἐπὶ δεξιά, οἶδʼ ἐπʼ ἀριστερὰ νωμῆσαι βῶν 7.238, cf. S. Ph. 1010, Ar. V. 376; also, to be in a condition, be able, have the power, E. Med. 664, D. 4.40; of drugs, ὅσα λεπτύνειν οἶδε Alex. Trall.Febr. 6; of a festival, οἶδε ἐκπέμπουσα δάκνειν Chor.p.124 B.; learn, ἵνʼ εἰδῇ μὴ ʼπὶ τοῖς ἐμοῖς κακοῖς ὑψηλὸς εἶναι E. Hipp. 729. 3. c. part., to know that such and such is the fact, the part. being in nom. when it is a predicate of the Subject of the Verb, ἴσθι μοι δώσων know that thou wilt give, A. Ag. 1670; ἴστω ὑπὸ τοῦ ἀδελφεοῦ ἀποθανών Hdt. 4.76; οὐ γὰρ οἶδα δεσπότας κεκτημένος E. Hec. 397: in acc. when it is predicate of the Object, τοὺς φιλτάτους γὰρ οἶδα νῷν ὄντας πικρούς A. Ch. 234; τὸν Μῆδον ἴσμεν ἐκ περάτων γῆς ἐλθόντα Th. 1.69: with part. omitted, γῆν αὐτὰ οἶδεν ἀμφότερα (sc. ὄντα) Jul. Or. 7.226a. 4. less freq.c.acc. et inf., πλήθους . . ἂν σάφʼ ἴσθʼ ἕκατι βάρβαρον ναυσὶν κρατῆσαι A. Pers. 337, cf. S. Ph. 1329; εὖ ἴσθι τοῦτον . . ἰσχυρῶς ἀνιᾶσθαι X. Cyr. 8.3.44; also εὖ τόδʼ ἴσθι, μηδάμʼ ἡμέρᾳ μιᾷ πλῆθος τοσουτάριθμον ἀνθρώπων θανεῖν A. Pers. 431; ἕν γʼ ἀκούσασʼ ἴσθι, μὴ ψευδῶς μʼ ἐρεῖν E. IA 1005. 5. c. acc. folld. by ὡς, ὅτι, etc., οἶδα κἀμαυτὴν ὅτι ἀλγῶ S. El. 332; ἐάν τινα εἰδῶσιν ὅτι ἄδικός ἐστι Pl. Prt. 323b, etc. 6. οὐκ οἶδʼ εἰ . . I know not whether, to express disbelief or doubt, sts. with ἄν transposed, οὐκ οἶδʼ ἂν εἰ πείσαιμί σε E. Alc. 48, cf. D. 45.7: with Verb omitted after εἰ, as οὐκ οἶδʼ εἴ τις ἄλλος perhaps no other, Isoc. 6.1, 12.10. 7. in similar ellipses with other Conjunctions, οὐκ οἶδʼ ὅπως I know not how, Pl. R. 400b; οὐκ οἶδʼ ὁπόθεν Id. Cra. 396d. 8. οἶδα, ἴσθι are freq. parenthetic, οἶδʼ ἐγώ E. Med. 948; σάφʼ οἶδα ib.94,963; also οἶδʼ ὅτι, οἶσθʼ ὅτι, ἴσθʼ ὅτι, πάρειμι δʼ ἄκων οὐχ ἑκοῦσιν, οἶδʼ ὅτι (sc. πάρειμι) I know it well, S. Ant. 276; οἶδʼ ὅτι, freq. in D., as 9.1, al.; σάφʼ ἴσθʼ ὅτι Ar. Pl. 889:—οἶσθʼ ὅ, οἶσθʼ ὡς, with imper., are common in Trag. and Com., οἶσθʼ οὖν ὃ δρᾶσον; do—thou knowʼst what, i.e. make haste and do, Ar. Eq. 1158, cf. Pax 1051, etc.; οἶσθʼ ὡς πόησον; S. OT 543; also οἶσθʼ . . ὡς νῦν μὴ σφαλῇς; Id. OC 75; οἶσθα νῦν ἅ μοι γενέσθω; E. IT 1203: rarely with the fut., οἶσθʼ οὖν ὃ δράσεις (nisi leg. δρᾶσον); Id. Cyc. 131, cf. Med. 600 codd.
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