ὅστις

ὅστις, ἥτις, ὅ τι (sts. written ὅ, τι to dist. it from ὅτι, that): Hom. has also the masc. collat. form ὅτις Od. 1.47, al. (also in Critias 2.9 and Ion. and Arc. Prose, Jahresh. 12.136 (Erythrae), IG 12(5).22 (Ios), 5(2).343.34 (Orchom. Arc.)) and the neut. ὅττι Od. 9.402, al., cf. ὄττι Alc. 45.—In some forms only the second part is inflected, viz. gen. ὅτου Th. 1.23, al., Ep. ὅττεο Od. 1.124, later Ion. ὅτεο Jahresh.l.c., contr. ὅττευ Od. 17.121, ὅτευ ib.421, Hdt. 1.7; Lesb. ὄττω Sapph. Supp. 5.3; dat. ὅτῳ Th. 1.36, al.; perh. also in Ion., Emp. 2.5, Democr. 99, Hp. VC 14; Ep. ὅτεῳ Od. 2.114, and as disyll., Il. 12.428, 15.664; so Hdt. 1.86, al., Democr. 100, Heraclit. 15, SIG 194.21 (Amphipolis, iv B. C.); Arc. ὀσέοι IG 5(2).262.14 (Mantinea, v B. C.); Ep. acc. ὅτινα Od. 8.204, 15.395; Delph. gen. ὅτινος IG 22.1126.37 (iv B. C.), also Berl.Sitzb. 1927.167 (Cyrene); Delph. dat. ὅτινι IG 22.1126.25; Cret. dat. sg. ὄτιμι Leg.Gort. 7.51, 8.7, al.: pl., nom. masc. Arg. ὄττινες Mnemos. 44.65 (iii B. C.); neut. ὅτινα Il. 22.450; gen. ὅτεων Od. 10.39, Hdt. 8.65, Att. ὅτων S. OT 414, X. An. 7.6.24 (cj.), Oec. 3.2 (cj.) (also in Hes. Fr. 238, Anaxag. 12, Hp. Aër. 21); dat. ὁτέοισι (ν) Il. 15.491, Hdt. 2.82, Att. ὅτοισι S. Ant. 1335, Ar. Eq. 758, ὅτοις S. Tr. 1119; acc. ὅτινας Il. 15.492, Aeol. ὄττινας Sapph. 12: in a few forms only the first part is inflected, Cret. gen. sg. ὦτι prob. in Leg.Gort. 1.5, 2.50, 11.50, al., GDI 4993 ii 10: neut. pl. ἄτι Leg.Gort. 2.47, al.: of the forms with double inflexion Hom. has only ὅν τινα Il. 2.188, al., ἥν τινα 3.286, al., οἵ τινες Od. 4.94, al., οὕς τινας Il. 4.240, al., ἅς τινας Od. 8.573; ᾧτινι first in Hes. Op. 31, ἧστινος A. Ag. 1358, ᾗ τινι δή Th. 8.87, οἷστισι Ar. Pax 1279: Att. Inscrr. have ἧστινος ᾗτινι along with masc. and neut. ὅτου ὅτῳ, and this rule holds with few exceptions in Trag. and Att. Prose before iv B. C.; ᾡτινιοῦν occurs in Lys. 1.37, etc.: ὅτῳ rarely as fem., E. IT 1071.—For the Ion. and Ep. form ἅσσα, Att. ἅττα, v. ἅσσα.—On the concord and construction cf. ὅς B. I.1,3, II.3, III.2a,b:—Radic. sense, any one who, anything which, whosoever, whichsoever; ὣς ἀπόλοιτο καὶ ἄλλος, ὅτις τοιαῦτά γε ῥέζοι Od. 1.47; ἀθανάτων ὅς τίς σε φυλάσσει 15.35, etc.: freq. without express antec., χαίρει δέ μιν ὅς τις ἐθείρῃ Il. 21.347; ἆσσον ἴτω ὅς τις δέπας οἴσεται 23.667: hence freq. in maxims or sentiments, οὐκ ἔστιν ὅ. πάντʼ ἀνὴρ εὐδαιμονεῖ Ar. Ra. 1217; μακάριος ὅ. οὐσίαν καὶ νοῦν ἔχει Men. 114; οὗτος βέλτιστος ἂν εἴη, ὅ. . . Lys. 3.4, etc.: freq. in such phrases as ὅστις εἶ, ὅστις ἐστί, v. ὅς B. III.2; ἔστιν ὅ., freq. with a neg., οὐ γὰρ ἔην ὅς τίς σφιν . . ἡγήσαιτο Il. 2.687; οὐκ ἔστιν ὅτῳ μείζονα μοῖραν νείμαιμʼ ἢ σοί A. Pr. 293 (anap.), cf. 989, 1070 (anap.), etc.; εἰσὶν οἵτινες S. Fr. 354.5; οὐδὲν ὅ τι οὐ . . everything, Hdt. 5.97, Th. 7.87:—in these phrases the case of ὅστις commonly depends on that of οὐδείς; but sts. the reverse, v. οὐδείς I.2: also joined with Sup., τρόπῳ ὅτῳ ἂν δύνωνται ἰσχυροτάτῳ Foed. ap. Th. 5.23; ὅντινα ἀφανέστατον δύναιντο τρόπον Paus. 10.1.5: in Trag. and Att. sts. strengthd. by an antec. πᾶς, but only in sg., ἅπας δὲ τραχὺς ὅ. ἂν νέον κρατῇ A. Pr. 35, cf. Th. 8.90 (πάντες ὅσοι being commonly used in pl., not πάντες οἵτινες; but πᾶσιν . . ὅστις ἐρωτᾷ IG 12.410). II. referring to a definite object, prop. only when a general notion is implied, Πολυκράτεα . . , διʼ ὅντινα κακῶς ἤκουσε, not the man through whom, but one through whom . . , Hdt. 3.120; τελευταῖόν σε προσβλέψαιμι νῦν, ὅστις πέφασμαι φύς τʼ ἀφʼ ὧν οὐ χρῆν may I see thee now for the last time, I who am one born from sinful parentage, S. OT 1184, cf. A. Pr. 38, Ag. 1065; but in quite definite sense, βωμόν, ὅστις νῦν ἔξω τῆς πόλεώς ἐστι Th. 6.3: sts. even with οὗτος or ὅδε as antec., Hdt. 1.167, 2.99, 6.47, E. Hipp. 943, Theoc. 8.87. 2. ἐφʼ ὅτῳ, = ἐφʼ ᾧτε, D.S. 16.4; so ἐφʼ ὅτῳ τε Delph. 3(2).236 (ii B. C.). III. in indirect questions, Hom., etc., εἴπʼ ἄγε μοι καὶ τόνδε . . , ὅς τις ὅδʼ ἐστί Il. 3.192, cf. 167, etc.; ἔσπετε νῦν μοι, Μοῦσαι, ὅς τις δὴ κτλ. who it was that . . , 14.509; ξεῖνος ὅδʼ, οὐκ οἶδʼ ὅς τις Od. 8.28: in dialogue, when the person questioned repeats the question asked by τίς, as οὗτος τί ποιεῖς;—ὅ τι ποιῶ ; Ar. Ra. 198; ἀλλὰ τίς γὰρ εἶ;—ὅστις; πολίτης χρηστός Id. Ach. 595, cf. Pl. 462, Pl. Euthphr. 2c, etc. 2. rare and late in direct questions, ὅ τι ἐστὶ τὸ ἐμποδίζον ; A.D. Adv. 140.12; ἀνθʼ ὅτου . . ; = why? Jul. Ep. 82p.109B.-C.; cf. ὅπως. IV. limited or made more indefinite by the addition of Particles: 1. ὅστις γε being one who (cf. ὅσγε), S. OT 1335, OC 810, Ar. Ra. 1184. 2. ὅστις δή (v. δή IV.1), freq. used without any distinct relative force, θεῶν ὅτεῳ δή to some one or other of the gods, Hdt. 1.86; ὅτευ δὴ χρήματος δεησόμενον Id. 3.121; ᾗ τινι δὴ γνώμῃ Th. 8.87, etc.; also ὅ τι δήκοτε πρήξοντα Hdt. 6.134; ὅστις δήποτʼ ὤν Pl. Phdr. 273c; ὡς ἀπετύγχανʼ ὁτουδήποτε D. 19.167; ὁτῳδήτινι τρόπῳ PFay. 21.11 (ii A. D.); so b. ὁστισοῦν, ὁτιοῦν anybody (anything) whatsoever, Th. 4.16, Pl. Smp. 198b, etc.; μετὰ ὁτουοῦν τρόπου Th. 8.27; ὁτῳοῦν Pl. Tht. 175a; εἷς ὁστισοῦν any one person, Arist. Pol. 1286a31: freq. with neg., μηδʼ ἂν ὁστισοῦν τυγχάνῃ ὤν Pl. Euthphr. 5e, cf. Phd. 78d, etc.; οὐδʼ ὁτιοῦν not the least mite, nothing whatsoever, Ar. Nu. 344, Pl. 385; μηδοτιοῦν Thgn. 64: rarely, = whoever (whatever), as subject of a verb, ὁτιοῦν ἔτυχε τῶν ἐπὶ μέρους (v.l. ὅτι ἄν) Arist. Mu. 391a22. c. ὁστισδηποτοῦν D. 40.8, Aeschin. 1.164. d. so also ὅστις alone, Pl. Hp.Ma. 282d, etc.: with neg., μηδὲ οἵτινες none at all, X. HG 1.5.9; οὐδʼ ἧστινος ἂν ἀσχολίας τὸ πρᾶγμα προσεδεῖτο Plb. 9.14.6. 3. ὅστις ποτε whoever, A. Ag. 160(lyr.), cf. Hdt. 8.65. 4. ὅστις περ (cf. ὅσπερ), mostly in neut., ὅ τι πέρ ἐστʼ ὄφελος Ar. Ec. 53, cf. Pl. R. 492e: in masc., D. 21.225. 5. ὅστις τε, where τε is otiose as in ὅστε, Il. 23.43, al. V. neut. ὅ τι used abs. as a Conj., v. ὅ τι. VI. ἐξ ὅτου from which time, S. OC 345, Tr. 326, Ar. Nu. 528, X. Cyr. 8.2.16, etc.; ἐξ ὅτου περ Ar. Ach. 596; ἀπʼ ὅτευ since . . , Hdt. 1.7, cf. SIG 45.18 (Halic., v B. C.); so ἕως ὅτου until . . , Ev.Luc. 13.8. 2. from what cause, S. Tr. 671, E. Cyc. 639.