Plato › Greek Lexicon › γιγνώσκω

γιγνώσκω

gignosko

come to know, perceive

Appears 500 times across Plato's dialogues.

Frequency by work

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Dictionary (LSJ)

γιγνώσκω, Dor. (Epich. 9, Pi. O. 6.97), Aeol., Ion., and after Arist. γινώσκω, but γιγνώσκω in early Att. Inscrr., as IG 12.127.19 (κατα-), etc.: fut. γνώσομαι Il. 23.497, etc., Dor. 3sg. γνωσεῖται Call. Lav. Pall. 123 (γνώσω is f.l. in Hp. Steril. 215); Cret. form ἀνα-γνώοντι dub. in GDI 5075 (for aor. 1, v. ἀναγιγνώσκω): pf. ἔγνωκα Pi. P. 4.287, etc.: aor. 2 ἔγνων Il. 13.72, etc., Ep. dual γνώτην Od. 21.36, Dor. 3pl. ἔγνον Pi. P. 4.120; imper. γνῶθι Epich.[264], etc.; subj. γνῶ, γνῷς, γνῷ Il. 1.411, etc., Ep. also γνώω, γνώομεν Od. 16.304, γνώωσι Il. 23.610; opt. γνοίην Il. 18.125, etc.; pl. γνοῖμεν Pl. Alc. 1.129a; inf. γνῶναι Od. 13.312, etc., Ep. γνώμεναι Il. 21.266; part. γνούς S. El. 731, etc.:—Med., aor. 1 γνώσασθαι Man. 2.51:—Pass., fut. γνωσθήσομαι Ar. Nu. 918, Th. 1.124, etc.: aor. ἐγνώσθην A. Supp. 7 (lyr.), E. El. 852, Th. 2.65: pf. ἔγνωσμαι E. HF 1287, Th. 3.38:— Α. come to know, perceive, and in past tenses, know, c. acc., Il. 12.272, etc.; as dist. fr. οἶδα know by reflection, γιγνώσκω, = know by observation, γνόντες δὲ εἰδότας περιορᾶν Th. 1.69; ἐγὼ δʼ οἶδʼ ὅτι γιγνώσκετε τοῦτον ἅπαντες D. 18.276; χαλεπόν ἐστι τὸ γνῶναι εἰ οἶδεν ἢ μή it is hard to perceive whether one knows or not, Arist. AP 0.76a26; discern, distinguish, recognize, ὄφρʼ εὖ γιγνώσκῃς ἠμὲν θεὸν ἠδὲ καὶ ἄνδρα Il. 5.128; ἀσπίδι γιγνώσκων by his shield, ib.182; ironically, εὖ νύ τις αὐτὸν γνώσεται he will learn him to his cost, 18.270; νῦν ἔγνων τὸν Ἔρωτα Theoc. 3.15: sts. c. gen., γνώτην ἀλλήλων were aware of . . , Od. 21.36, cf. 23.109. 2. folld. by relat. clauses, γιγνώσκω δʼ ὡς . . I perceive that . . , 21.209; ἔγνως ὡς θεός εἰμι Il. 22.10; ἔγνωκας ὡς οὐδὲν λέγεις Ar. Nu. 1095; γ. ὅτι . . Heraclit. 108, A. Pr. 104,379, etc.; ἵνʼ εἰδῆτε ὑμεῖς καὶ γνῶτε ὅτι . . D. 21.143; γνώμεναι εἴ μιν . . φοβέουσι Il. 21.266; γ. τί πέπονθε πάθος Pl. Phlb. 60d: c. acc. and relat. clause, Τυδείδην δʼ οὐκ ἂν γνοίης, ποτέροισι μετείη Il. 5.85; γ. θεοὺς οἵτινές εἰσι Heraclit. 5; Σωκράτην γ. οἷος ἦν X. Mem. 4.8.11; τοὺς Πέρσας γ. ὅτι . . Id. Cyr. 2.1.11; also ἀλλοτρίας γῆς γ. ὅτι δύναται φέρειν Id. Oec. 16.3: c. part., ἔγνων μιν . . οἰωνὸν ἐόντα perceived that he was . . , Od. 15.532; γνόντες οὐδεμίαν σφίσι τιμωρίαν οὖσαν Th. 1.25; ἔγνωκα . . ἠπατημένη S. Aj. 807; ἔγνων ἡττημένος I felt that I was beaten, Ar. Eq. 658; χρυσῷ πάττων μʼ οὐ γιγνώσκεις Id. Nu. 912, cf. Antipho 5.33, X. Cyr. 7.2.17: c. gen., ὡς γνῶ χωομένοιο when he was aware of . . , Il. 4.357, cf. Pl. Ap. 27a: c. inf., ἵνα γνῷ τρέφειν τὴν γλῶσσαν ἡσυχεστέραν S. Ant. 1089: c. acc. et inf., recognize that . . , Th. 1.43, etc.; take a thing to mean that . . , Hdt. 1.78: c. dupl. acc., perceive or know another to be . . , οἵους γνώσεσθε τοὺς ἀνθρώπους X. An. 1.7.4: abs., ὁ γιγνώσκων the perceiver, opp. τὰ γιγνωσκόμενα the objects perceived, Pl. R. 508e; also ὁ γ. one who knows, a prudent person, ib.347d:—Pass., εἰ γνωσθεῖεν ᾧ . . if it were known of them in what . . , Id. Prt. 342b. II. form a judgement, think, ταὐτά Hdt. 9.2; τἀναντία τούτοις γ. X. HG 2.3.38; οὕτω γ. Id. An. 6.1.19; τὰ δίκαια γ. Lys. 22.2; ἃ γιγνώσκω λέγειν ( = τὴν γνώμην λ.) D. 4.1; περὶ τῆς βοηθείας ταῦτα γιγνώσκω Id. 1.19; τοῦτο γιγνώσκων, ὅτι . . Men. 572, cf. 648; ὡς ἐμοῦ ἀγωνιουμένου οὕτω γίγνωσκε X. Cyr. 2.3.15: abs., αὐτὸς γνώσῃ see thou to that, Pl. Grg. 505c; esp. in dialogue, ἔγνων I understand, S. Aj. 36; ἔγνως you are right, Id. Tr. 1221, E. Andr. 883; ἔγνωκας; Lat. tenes? Nausicr. 1.5; judge, determine, decree that . . , c. acc. et inf., Hdt. 1.74, 6.85, Isoc. 17.16: c. inf., determine to . . , And. 1.107:— Pass., to be pronounced, of a sentence or judgement, Th. 3.36; παρανόμως γνωσθεῖσα δίαιτα D. 33.33, cf. 59.47; κρίσις ἐγνωσμένη ὑπό τινος Isoc. 6.30. 2. Pass., of persons, to be judged guilty, A. Supp. 7; γνωσθέντα ζημιοῦσιν οἱ νόμοι Arist. Rh.Al. 1431b30; τεθνάτω ἐὰν γνωσθῇ, ἐὰν δὲ φυγὴ γνωσθῇ, φευγέτω IG 12.10.29. 3. pf. Pass. with act. sense, ὡμολόγηκεν ὑμᾶς ὑπάρχειν ἐγνωσμένους are determined, D. 18.228 (sed leg. ἡμᾶς). III. know carnally, Men. 558.5, Heraclid. Pol. 64, LXX Ge. 4.1, al., Ev.Matt. 1.25, Plu. Galb. 9, etc. IV. γ. χάριν, = εἰδέναι χάριν, D.C. 39.9. B. causal, make known, celebrate, γνώσομαι τὰν ὀλβίαν Κόρινθον Pi. O. 13.3 acc. to Sch. ad loc., v. dub. (Root γνω-, cf. Skt. jānāmi, jñātas, Lat. gnosco, gnotus, etc.)
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