ἐπιβάλλω

ἐπιβάλλω: I. trans., throw or cast upon, θριξὶ . . , ἃς ἐπέβαλλον (sc. πυρί) Il. 23.135; ἐπὶ δὲ χλαῖναν βάλεν αὐτῷ Od. 14.520, cf. 4.440; ἑωυτὸν ἐς τὸ πῦρ v.l. in Hdt. 7.107; φάρη κόραις E. El. 1221 (lyr.); ἐ. τινὰς ἐπὶ ἁμάξας Th. 4.48, cf.Hdt. 4.75,5.112; ἐπιβάλλοντας (sc. χοῦν) throwing on more and more, Th. 2.76. 2. lay on, [ἡμιόνοις] ἐπέβαλλεν ἱμάσθλην Od. 6.320; ἐ. πληγάς τινι X. Lac. 2.8; Ζεὺς ἐπὶ χεῖρα βάλοι A. Ch. 395 (lyr.), cf.Ar. Nu. 933 (anap.); ἐ.τὴν χεῖρά τινι Id. Lys. 440 (but τῷ καρπῷ τοῦ νοσοῦντος τὴν χεῖρα, of feeling the pulse, Gal. 18(2).40; so τὴν ἁφήν Id. 8.821, Marcellin. Puls. 119); τὰς χεῖρας τοῖς κατʼ Αἴγαιον Plb. 3.2.8; Ῥωμαίοις Id. 18.51.8; ἐπί τινα Ev.Matt. 26.50; impose as a tax tribute, τινί τι Hdt. 1.106, Th. 8.108; as a fine or penalty, ζημίην, φυγὴν ἐ. τινί, Hdt. 6.92 (Pass.), 7.3; ἀργύριον Lys. 9.6; ἐπιβολάς Id. 20.14, cf. Arist. Ath. 61.2; λύτρα LXX Ex. 21.30 (Pass.); inflict, θνατοῖς ἐ. ἀνάλγητα, λύπην, etc., S. Tr. 128 (lyr.), E. Med. 1115 (anap.), etc. 3. ἐ. σφρηγῖδα, δακτύλιον, affix a seal, Hdt. 3.128, 2.38; σφραγῖδʼ ἐπί τι Ar. Av. 559; σύμβολόν τινι ib.1215. 4. add, contribute, μικρὸν [ἀληθεία] Arist. Metaph. 993b2; ἐ. ἐπὶ τὸ ὕδωρ Thphr. Ign. 49; νέον [φῶς] Pl. Cra. 409b: metaph., throw in, mention, τι dub. in S. El. 1246 (lyr.) (in Med., "χαίρειν τεοῖς προθύροις ἐπιβάλλομαι Theoc. 23.27); Φαῖστος . . ἐπιβάλλων φησί Sch.Pi. P. 4.28: abs., bid higher, Arist. Pol. 1259a14. 5. place next in order, Plb. 1.26.15. 6. let grow, κλήματα Thphr. HP 4.13.5; βλαστούς ib.3.5.1. 7. let loose, πρόβατα ἐπὶ κνῆκον PRyl. 69.6 (i B.C.). 8. causal of ἐπιβαίνω A. III.3, D.Chr. 7.134. II. throw oneself upon, go straight towards, c. acc., ἡ δὲ Φεὰς ἐπέβαλλεν Od. 15.297: later c. dat. loci, Plb. 5.18.3, D.S. 1.30, Plot. 3.7.12, etc.; νήσοις Rhian. 39; εἰς Ἰταλίαν, ἐπὶ τὸν τόπον, Plb. 2.24.17, 5.6.6, cf. PAmh. 2.31.5 (ii B.C.), etc. 2. fall upon, ὅπου ἂν ὁ ἥλιος ἐ. Arist. HA 598a3; esp. in hostile sense, set upon, c.dat., ib.623b1, etc.; τοῖς Ἀρβήλοις D.S. 17.64: abs., ἐ.ληστρικῷ τρόπῳ PRyl. 127.10 (i A.D.); ἐπιβάλλουσαι jostling, trampling, Pl. Phdr. 248a; sens. obsc., Ar. Av. 1216. 3. (sc. τὸν νοῦν) set to a thing, devote oneself to it, c. dat., M.Ant. 10.30; τοῖς αὐλοῖς D.S. 3.59; τοῖς κοινοῖς πράγμασιν Plu. Cic. 4 (in full τὴν διάνοιαν ἐ. πρός τι D.S. 20.43): generally, give oneʼs attention to, think on, Ev.Marc. 14.72. b. apprehend, Epicur. Fr. 423; attain by intuition, c.dat., Dam. Pr. 54. 4. fall in oneʼs way, ὅταν ἐπιβάλλῃ περὶ τῆς τοιαύτης πολιτείας ἡ σκέψις Arist. Pol. 1266a25; κατὰ τὸν ἐπιβάλλοντα λόγον Id. GA 716a3. 5. follow, come next, Plb. 11.23.2; τισί Plu. Aem. 33; ἐφʼ ὃν ἐπιβαλὼν ἔφη said thereupon, Plb. 1.80.1; interrupt, ἀποκρινομένῳ Thphr. Char. 7.2. 6. belong to, fall to the share of, μόριον ὅσον αὐτοῖσι ἐπέβαλλε Hdt. 7.23, cf. Diph. 43.16; εἰ μὴ τὸ ὅλον, μέρος γε, ἐπιβάλλει τῆς βλασφημίας ἅπασι D. 18.272; ὅσον ἐπιβάλλει αὐτοῖς Arist. Pol. 1260a19; ἑκάστῳ τῆς εὐδαιμονίας ἐπιβάλλει τοσοῦτον ὅσονπερ ἀρετῆς ib.1323b21; τῶν κτημάτων τὸ ἐπιβάλλον (sc. μέρος) the portion that falls to one, Hdt. 4.115, cf. LXX To. 3.17,6.12; so τὸ ἐ. ἐφʼ ἡμᾶς μέρος D. 18.254; τὸ ἐ. μέρος τῆς οὐσίας Ev.Luc. 15.12, cf. PGrenf. 1.33.33 (ii B.C.), etc.; fall due, of payments, PLond. 1.3.21 (ii B.C.); τόκον ὃν ἔφη ἐπιβάλλειν αὑτῷ which was payable by him, BCH 6.21 (Delos, ii B.C.). b. part. ἐπιβάλλων, in Law, next-of-kin, ὁ ἐ., οἱ ἐ., Leg.Gort. 7.36, 11.42, al. 7. impers. c. acc. et inf., τοὺς Δελφοὺς δὴ ἐπέβαλλε . . παρασχεῖν it concerned them to provide, Hdt. 2.180: or c. dat. et inf., ἐπιβάλλει τινὶ ποιεῖν τι Chrysipp.Stoic. 2.39,al., Plb. 18.51.1; ἐπιβάλλοντος ἡμῖν εὐεργετικοῖς εἶναι Corn. ND 15; κοινῇ πᾶσιν ἐπιβάλλει UPZ 112.10 (ii B.C.); καθότι ἐπέβαλλεν ἀνδρὶ καλῷ καὶ ἀγαθῷ IG 12(7).231.5 (Amorgos): freq. in part., ἐπιβάλλουσαν ἡγεῖσθαι τὴν στρατείαν τινί incumbent upon.., Teles p.61 H.; τὸ ἐπιβάλλον Cleanth.Stoic. 1.128, Arr. Epict. 2.11.3, etc.; τὰς -ούσας τάσεις τῆς φωνῆς Chrysipp.Stoic. 2.96; τὸ τῇ φύσει ἐ. Antip.Stoic. 3.255; appropriate, ὑποδοχαί Telesp.41 H.; ἰήματα IG 22.1121.15; ἁρμονία Iamb. Comm. Math. 30; ἡ στέρησις ἐπιβάλλοντός ἐστι παρεῖναι εἴδους τινός a specific form which ought to be present, Plot. 1.8.11. 8. shut to, close, of the larynx, Arist. PA 664b26. 9. in Logic, λόγοι ἐπιβάλλοντες, -όμενοι, overlapping and overlapped, of syllogisms in a sorites, Chrysipp.Stoic. 2.85; so of Time, ἐπέβαλε τοῖς χρόνοις Ἰουλιανῷ Eun. VS p.497 B.:—Med., γηραιῷ τῷ Κυρηναίῳ ἐπεβάλετο Anon. Intr.Arat. p.326M. 10. in Alchemy, make a ‘projection’ (cf. ἐπιβολή), Syn.Alch.p.68B. III. Med., mostly like the intr. usages, but also: 1. c. gen., throw oneself upon, desire eagerly, ἐνάρων ἐπιβαλλόμενος Il. 6.68; παρθενίας ἐπιβάλλομαι Sapph. 102; τοῦ εὖ ζῆν ἐπιβάλλονται Arist. Pol. 1258a3. 2. c. acc., put upon oneself, ἐπιβαλλομέναν . . πλόκον ἀνθέων E. Med. 840; ἐπιβάλλεσθαι put on more wraps, Thphr. Char. 2.10 (cf. IV.1); ὕπνον ἡδὺν -όμενος D.Chr. 12.51: metaph., take possession of, καὶ ἐπὶ κλήρους ἐβάλοντο Od. 14.209; αὐθαίρετον δουλείαν ἐπιβαλεῖται will take upon himself, Th. 6.40. b. of trees, make fresh growth, Thphr. HP 3.5.1. 3. c.acc., also, attempt, undertake, ἔργον Pl. Sph. 264b, Ti. 48c; μέθοδον Arist. Pol. 1260b36: c. inf., Decr. ap. D. 18.164, Zeno Stoic. 1.68, Plb. 1.43.2, etc.: abs., πολλῶν -ημένων though many have made the attempt, Agatharch. 76. 4. c. dat., put oneʼs hand to, ἐχέτλῃ AP 7.650 (Phal.(?)): metaph., apply or devote oneself to, τόλμῃ καὶ πράξει Plb. 5.81.1; ἐγχειρήματι μεγάλῳ D.H. 5.25, etc. 5. arrive at, [πολίεσσι] Call. Del. 68; ὅταν ἐπὶ τοὺς χρόνους ἐπιβαλώμεθα D.S. 19.55. 6. ἐπὶ πᾶσι -εβάλοντο brought up the rear, Id. 18.33. IV. in Pass., lie upon, be put upon, ἐπιβεβλημένοι τοξόται archers with their arrows on the string, X. An. 4.3.28, cf. 5.2.12; λάσιον ἐπιβεβλημένος having a rough cloak on, Theopomp.Com. 36; τὸ ἐν ψύχει κεῖσθαι -ημένον Hp. Epid. 2.3.1, cf. 6.4.14; διφθέραν -ημένη D.Chr. 5.25. 2. to be set over, ὁ τελώνης ὁ ἐπιβεβλημένος τῷ Ζεύγματι Philostr. VA 1.20. 3. Rhet., ornate (v. ἐπιβολή), ἰδέα λόγων οὔτʼ ἐπιβεβλημένη οὔτʼ αὖος Id. VS 1.20.2.