ἐπί

ἐπί, Thess. (before τ) ἐτ IG 9(2).517.14 (iii B. C.), •. Prep. with gen., dat., and acc., to denote the being upon or supported upon a surface or point. A. WITH GEN.: I. of Place, 1. with Verbs of Rest, upon, καθέζετʼ ἐ. θρόνου Il. 1.536; ἧστο . . ὑψοῦ ἐπʼ ἀκροτάτης κορυφῆς 13.12; ἐ. πύργου ἔστη 16.700; κεῖται ἐ. χθονός 20.345: without a Verb expressed, ἔγχεα ὄρθʼ ἐ. σαυρωτῆρος (sc. σταθέντα) ἐλήλατο 10.153; ἔκλαγξαν ὀϊστοὶ ἐπʼ ὤμων the arrows on his shoulders, 1.46; ἐ. γῆς, opp. ὑπὸ γῆς, Pl. Lg. 728a: also with Verbs of Motion, where the subject rests upon something, as on a chariot, a horse, a ship, φεύγωμεν ἐφʼ ἵππων on our chariot, Il. 24.356; οὐκ ἂν ἐφʼ ὑμετέρων ὀχέων . . ἵκεσθον 8.455; ἄγαγε . . δῶρʼ ἐπʼ ἀπήνης 24.447; ἐπὶ τῆς ἁμάξης . . ὠχέετο Hdt. 1.31; ἐπὶ τῶν ἵππων ὀχεῖσθαι X. Cyr. 4.5.58; οὓς κῆρες φορέουσι . . ἐ. νηῶν Il. 8.528; πέμπειν τινὰς ἐ. τριήροιν X. HG 5.4.56, etc.; ἐπʼ ὤμου . . φέρειν Od. 10.170; τὴν κλεῖδα περιφέρειν ἐφʼ ἑαυτοῦ to carry the key about on his person, Numen. ap. Eus. PE 14.7; βαδιοῦνται ἐ. δυοῖν σκελοῖν, ἐφʼ ἑνὸς πορεύσονται σκέλους, Pl. Smp. 190d; ἐπʼ ἄκρων ὁδοιπορεῖν walk on tiptoe, S. Aj. 1230; of places, upon, if the place is an actual support, νέρθε κἀπὶ γῆς ἄνω Id. OT 416; ἐ. τοῦ εὐωνύμον on the left, ἐ. τῶν πλευρῶν on the flanks, X. An. 1.8.9,3.2.36; but most freq., in, rarely in Hom., ἐπʼ ἀγροῦ in the country. Od. 1.190; γᾶς ἐ. ξένας S. OC 1705 (lyr.); νήσου τῆσδʼ ἐφʼ ἧς ναίει Id. Ph. 613; ἐ. ξένας δμωῒς ἐπʼ ἀλλοτρίας πόλεος E. Andr. 137 (lyr.); οἱ ἐ. Θρᾴκης σύμμαχοι Th. 5.35; τοὺς ἐ. τῆς Ἀσίας κατοικοῦντας Isoc. 12.103; ἐπʼ οἰκήματος κατίσαι, καθῆσθαι, in a brothel, Hdt. 2.121.εʹ, Pl. Chrm. 163b; τοὺς ἐ. τῶν οἰκημάτων καθεζομένους Aeschin. 1.74; ἐ. τῶν ἐργαστηρίων καθίζειν Isoc. 7.15; μένειν ἐ. τῆς αὐτῶν (sc. χώρας) remain in statu quo, Indut. ap. Th. 4.118; οἱ ἐπʼ ἐρημίας λῃστεύοντες Jul. Or. 7.210a; later of towns, ἐπʼ Ἀλεξανδρείας BGU 908.16 (ii A.D.), etc.; sts. also, at or near, ἐπʼ αὐτάων (sc. τῶν πηγῶν) Il. 22.153; κόλπος ὁ ἐ. Ποσιδηΐου Hdt. 7.115; αἱ ἐ. Λήμνου ἐπικείμεναι νῆσοι off Lemnos, ib.6 codd.; τὰ ἐ. Θρᾴκης the Thrace-ward region, Th. 1.59, cf. IG 12.45.17, etc.; ποταμοὶ ἐφʼ ὧν ἔξεστιν ἡμῖν ταμιεύεσθαι . . on, i.e. near which . ., X. An. 2.5.18; ἐ. τῶν τραπεζῶν at the money-changers’ tables, Pl. Ap. 17c; in Geom., αἱ ἐφʼ ὧν AA BB [γραμμαί] the lines AA BB, Arist. EN 1132b6, etc.; ἕλιξ ἐφʼ ἇς τὰ ΑΒΓΔ a spiral ABCD, Archim. Spir. 13 (cf. B.I.1k); also ἐ. τοῦ βάτου in the passage concerning the bush, Ev.Marc. 12.26. 2. in various relations not strictly local, μένειν ἐ. τῆς ἀρχῆς remain in the command, X. Ages. 1.37; μένειν ἐ. τινος abide by it, D. 4.9; ἐ. τῶν πραγμάτων, ἐ. τοῦ πολεμεῖν εἶναι, to be engaged in . ., Id. 15.11, Prooem. 1; ἐ. ὀνόματος εἶναι bear a name, Id. 39.21; ἔχεται πόλις ἐ. νόσου S. Ant. 1141 (lyr.). b. of ships, ὁρμεῖν ἐπʼ ἀγκύρας ride at (i.e. in dependence upon an) anchor, Hdt. 7.188; ἐ. προσπόλου μιᾶς χωρεῖν dependent upon an attendant, S. OC 746. c. with the personal and reflexive Pron., once in Hom., εὔχεσθε . . σιγῇ ἐφʼ ὑμείων Il. 7.195; later mostly with 3rd pers., ἐπʼ ἑωυτῶν κεῖσθαι by themselves, Hdt. 2.2, cf. 8.32; οἰκέειν κώμην Id. 5.98; ἐ. σφῶν αὐτῶν αὐτόνομοι οἰκεῖν Th. 2.63; ἵζεσθαι Hdt. 9.17; ἐφʼ ἑαυτῶν πλεῖν Th. 8.8; ἐπʼ ὑμέων αὐτῶν βαλέσθαι consider it by yourselves, Hdt. 3.71, etc.; αὐτὴ ἐφʼ αὑτῆς σκοποῦσα Th. 6.40; ἐφʼ ἡμῶν αὐτῶν τὸν ἐξετασμὸν ποιεῖσθαι D. 18.16; ἐπʼ ἑωυτῶν διαλέγονται speak in a dialect of their own, Hdt. 1.142; also αὐτοὶ ἐφʼ ἑαυτῶν χωρεῖν X. An. 2.4.10; πράττειν Pl. Prt. 326d, cf. Sph. 217c; τὸ ἐφʼ ἑαυτῶν μόνον προορώμενοι considering their own interest only, th.1.17. d. with numerals, to denote the depth of a body of soldiers, ἐ. τεττάρων ταχφῆναι to be drawn up four deep, four in file, X. An. 1.2.15, etc.; ἐ. πεντήκοντα ἀσπίδων συνεστραμμένοι, of the Thebansat Leuctra, Id. HG 6.4.12; ἐπʼ ὀλίγων τεταγμένοι, i.e. in a long thin line, Id. An. 4.8.11; οὐκ ἐπʼ ὀλίγων ἀσπίδων στρατιὰν παρατεταγμένην Th. 7.79; ἐφʼ ἑνὸς ἄγειν in single file, X. Cyr. 2.4.2, cf. An. 5.2.6; rarely of the length of the line, ἐ. τεσσάρων ταξάμενοι τὰς ναῦς Th. 2.90; in X., ἐγένοντο τὸ μέτωπον ἐ. τριακοσίων . . τὸ δὲ βάθος ἐφʼ ἑκατόν Cyr. 2.4.2; πλεῖν ἐ. κέρως, ἐ. κέρας, v. infr. C.I.3; ἐ. φάλαγγος γίγνεται τὸ στράτευμα is formed in column, An. 4.6.6, etc. (but in E. Ph. 1467, ἀσπίδων ἔπι is merely in or under arms): hence, generally, ἐ. ὀκτὼ πλίνθων τὸ εὖρος eight bricks wide, X. An. 7.8.14. e. c. gen. pers., before, in presence of, ἐ. μαρτύρων . . πράσσεταί τι Antipho 2.3.8; ἐξελέγχεσθαι ἐ. πάντων D. 25.36; so, before a magistrate or official, ἐ. τοῦ στρατηγοῦ POxy. 38.11 (i A.D.), cf. UPZ 71.15 (ii B.C.), Ev.Matt. 28.14; γράψομαί σε ἐ. Ῥαδαμάνθυος Luc. Cat. 18; τινὰ εἰς δίκην καὶ κρίσιν ἐ. τῶν στρατοπέδων προκαλεῖν Jul. Or. 1.30d; πίστεις δοῦναι ἐ. θεῶν D.H. 5.29; but ἐπὶ δικασταῖς is f.l. in D. 19.243 (leg. ἔπη). f. with Verbs of perceiving, observing, judging, etc., in the case of, ἐπὶ νούσων παντοίων ἐπύθοντο Emp. 112.10; ὁρᾶν τι ἐ. τινος X. Mem. 3.9.3; αἰσθάνεσθαί τι ἐ. τινος Pl. R. 406c, etc.; τὴν γνώμην ἔχειν ἐ. τινος Hyp. Eux. 32; τὰ συμβόλαια ἐ. τῶν νόμων σκοπεῖν D. 18.210; ἐπʼ αὐτῶν τῶν ἔργων ἂν ἐσκόπει ib.233, cf. 25.2 (v.l.); ἐφʼ ἑνός τι παριδεῖν Lycurg. 64; τὰς ἐναντιώσεις ἐ. μὲν τῶν λόγων τηροῦντες, ἐ. δὲ τῶν ἔργων μὴ καθορῶντες Isoc. 13.7; οὐδεὶς ἐφʼ αὑτοῦ τὰ κακὰ συνορᾷ Men. 631; ἀγνοεῖν τι ἐ. τινος X. Mem. 2.3.2; also with Verbs of speaking, on a subject, λέγειν ἐ. τινος Pl. Chrm. 155d, R. 524e, etc.; ἐπιδεῖξαί τι ἐ. τινος Isoc. 8.109; ἵνα τοὺς ἐπαίνους ἐπʼ αὐτῶν κοινοὺς ποιήσωμαι D. 60.12. 3. implying Motion: a. where the sense of motion is lost in the sense of being supported, ὀρθωθεὶς . . ἐπʼ ἀγκῶνος having raised himself upon his elbow, Il. 10.80; ἐ. μελίης . . ἐρεισθείς 22.225; τὴν μὲν . . καθεῖσεν ἐ. θρόνου 18.389. b. in a pregnant sense, denoting the goal of motion (cf. εἰς A.I.2, ἐν A.I.8), νῆα . . ἐπʼ ἠπείροιο ἔρυσσαν drew the ship upon the land and left it there, 1.485; περάαν νήσων ἔπι carry to the islands and leave there, 21.454, cf.22.45; ἐ. τῆς γῆς καταπίπτειν X. Cyr. 4.5.54; ἀναβῆναι ἐ. τῶν πύργων ib.7.1.39; ἐπʼ Ἀβύδου ἀφικομέναις Th. 8.79 (v.l.); freq. of motion towards or (in a military sense) upon a place, προτρέποντο μελαινάων ἐ. νηῶν Il. 5.700; τρέσσε . . ἐφʼ ὁμίλου 11.546 (but νήσου ἔ. Ψυρίης νέεσθαι to go near Psyria, Od. 3.171); ἐπʼ οἴκου ἀπελαύνειν, ἀναχωρεῖν, ἀποχωρεῖν, homewards, Hdt. 2.121.δʹ, Th. 1.30,87, etc.; also with names of places, ἰέναι ἐ. Κυζίκου Hdt. 4.14; πλεῖν ἐ. Χίου Id. 1.164, cf. 168; ἀποπλεῖν ἐπʼ Αἰγύπτου ib. 1; ἀπαλλάσσεσθαι ἐ. Θεσσαλίης Id. 5.64; ὁ κόλπος ὁ ἐ. Παγασέων φέρων the bay that leads to Pagasae, Id. 7.193; ἡ ἐ. Βαβυλῶνος ὁδός the road leading to B., X. Cyr. 5.3.45, cf.An. 6.3.24. c. metaph., ἐ. γνώμης τινὸς γίγνεσθαι come to an opinion, D. 4.7; ἐπʼ ἐλπίδος γενέσθαι Plu. Sol. 14; ὡς ἐ. κινδύνου as if to meet danger, Th. 6.34; ἐ. τοῦ ἀλύπως ζῆν with a view to . ., Pl. Prt. 358b; cf. infr. B. ΙΙΙ.2. II. of Time, in the time of, ἐ. προτέρων ἀνθρώπων Il. 5.637,23.332; ἐ. Κρόνου Hes. Op. 111; ἐ. Κέκροπος, ἐ. Δαρείου, etc., Hdt. 8.44,6.98, etc.; ἐ. τῶν τριάκοντα Lys. 13.2; ὀλιγαρχία ἡ ἐ. τῶν τετρακοσίων καταστᾶσα Isoc. 8.108; ἐ. τούτου τυραννεύοντος, ἐ. Λέοντος βασιλεύοντος, ἐ. Μήδων ἀρχόντων, etc., Hdt. 1.15,65, 134, etc.; ἐ. τῆς ἐμῆς βασιλείας Isoc. 3.32; ἐπʼ ἐμεῦ in my time, Hdt. 1.5, 2.46, etc.; ἡ εἰρήνη ἡ ἐπʼ Ἀνταλκίδου D. 20.54, cf. X. HG 5.1.36; αἱ ἐπʼ Ἀσδρούβα γενόμεναι ὁμολογίαι Plb. 3.15.5; ἐπʼ εἰρήνης in time of peace, Il. 2.797, 9.403; ἐπʼ ἐμῆς νεότητος Ar. Ach. 211 (lyr.); ἐ. Λάχητος καὶ τοῦ προτέρου πολέμου Th. 6.6; ἐπʼ ἡμέρης ἑκάστης v.l. for -ῃ -τῃ in Hdt. 5.117. b. later ἐ. δείπνου at dinner, Luc. Asin. 3; ἐ. τῆς τραπέζης, ἐφʼ ἑκάστης κύλικος, Plu. Alex. 23; ἐ. τῆς κύλικος, ἐ. τοῦ ποτηρίου, Luc. Pisc. 34, Plu. Alex. 53. III. in various causal senses: 1. over, of persons in authority, ἐπʼ οὗ ἐτάχθημεν Hdt. 5.109; οἱ ἐ. τῶν πραγμάτων the public officers, D. 18.247; freq. in forged decrees, ὁ ἐ. τῶν ὅπλων στρατηγός ib.38; ὁ ἐ. τῶν ὁπλιτῶν, τῶν ἱππέων, ib.116; ὁ ἐ. τῆς διοικήσεως ib.38 (but cf. C. III.3); τοῦ ἐ. τῶν ὁπλιτῶν is f.l. in Lys. 32.5; ὁ ἐ. τῆς χώρας στρατηγός Plu. Phoc. 32; οἱ ἐ. τῶν σιτοποιῶν καὶ μαγείρων Id. Alex. 23; ὁ ἐ. τοῦ οἴνου Id. Pyrrh. 5; ὁ ἐ. τῶν ἐπιστολῶν τοῦ Ὄθωνος, = Lat. ab epistulis, his secretary, Id. Oth. 9; cf. B. III.6. 2. κεκλῆσθαι ἐ. τινος to be called after him, Hdt. 4.45; ἐ. τινος μετονομασθῆναι Id. 1.94: ἐ. τινος τὰς ἐπωνυμίας ἔχειν Id. 4.107; ἐ. τινος ἐπώνυμος γίγνεσθαι ib.184; also ἐπʼ ὀνόματος καλεῖν Plb. 5.35.2. 3. of occasions, circumstances, and conditions, οὐκ ἐ. τούτου μόνον, ἀλλʼ ἐ. πάντων, on all occasions, D. 21.38, cf. 183; ἐφʼ ἑκάστων Pl. Phlb. 25e; ἐφʼ ἑκατέρου Id. Tht. 159c; ἐφʼ ἑκάστης μαντείας D. 21.54; ἐπʼ ἐξουσίας καὶ πλούτου πονηρὸν εἶναι in . . ib.138; ἐ. τῆς ἀληθείας καὶ τοῦ πράγματος ib.72, cf. 18.17; τὴν ἐ. τῆς πομπῆς καὶ τοῦ μεθύειν πρόφασιν λαβών Id. 21.180; ἐ. σχολῆς Aeschin. 3.191; ἐπʼ ἀδείας Plu. Sol. 22; ἐπʼ ἀληθείας Ev.Marc. 12.14, POxy. 255.16 (i A.D.): hence in adverbial phrases, ἐπʼ ἴσας (sc. μοίρας) equally, S. El. 1062 (lyr.); ἐ. καιροῦ D. 20.90; ἐπʼ ἐσχάτων at the last, LXXDe. 17.7 (v.l. ἐσχάτῳ) ; ἐπὶ τοῦ παρόντος for the present, SIG 543.6 (Epist. Philipp.). 4. in respect of, ἐ. τῶν πραγμάτων Arist. Pol. 1280a17, cf. EN 1131b18; concerning, τὰ ἐπʼ αὐτῶν ἐνεστηκότα PTeb. 7.6 (ii B. C.). B. WITH DAT.: I. of Place, upon, just like the gen. (hence Poets use whichever case suits the metre, whereas in Prose the dat. is more freq.): 1. with Verbs of Rest, ἕζεο τῷδʼ ἐ. δίφρῳ Il. 6.354; ἧντʼ ἐ. πύργῳ 3.153; στῆ δʼ ἐ. . . νηΐ 8.222; κεῖσθαι ἐ. τινι X. An. 1.8.27; καίειν ἐ. πᾶσι (sc. βωμοῖς) Il. 8.240; ἔβραχε χαλκὸς ἐ. στήθεσσι 4.420; ἐ. χθονὶ δέρκεσθαι 1.88, etc.: also with Verbs of Motion, where the subject rests upon something, νηυσὶν ἐπʼ ὠκυπόροισιν ἔβαινον 2.351 (v.l. for ἐν) ; ἐπʼ ὤμοις φέρειν E. Ph. 1131 (but ἐφʼ ἵππῳ, ἐφʼ ἵπποις and the like are never used for ἐφʼ ἵππου, etc.); of places, mostly in, ἐ. τῇ χώρῃ Hdt. 5.77; τἀπὶ Τροίᾳ πέργαμα S. Ph. 353; ἐπʼ ἐσχάτοις τόποις Id. Tr. 1100; ἐ. τῇ ψυχῇ δάκνομαι Id. Ant. 317; also, at or near, ἐ. κρήνῃ Od. 13.408; ἐ. θύρῃσι Il. 2.788, etc.; of rivers, etc., by, beside, ἐ. ὠκυρόῳ Κελάδοντι . . 7.133, etc.; ἐπʼ ἐσχάρῃ Od. 7.160; ἐ. νηυσί Il. 1.559, etc.; of persons, οὐ τἀπὶ Λυδοῖς οὐδʼ ἐπʼ Ὀμφάλῃ λατρεύματα in Lydia, in the power of O., S. Tr. 356. b. on or over, ἐπʼ Ἰφιδάμαντι over the body of Iphidamas, Il. 11.261, cf. 4.470; τοιόνδʼ ἐπʼ ἀνδρὶ κομπάζεις λόγον A. Ag. 1400; also, over or in honour of, ἐ. σοὶ κατέθηκε . . ἄεθλα Od. 24.91; [βοῦς] ἐ. Πατρόκλῳ πέφνεν Il. 23.776; κειράμενοι χαίτας ἐπʼ Ἀδώνιδι Bion 1.81, cf. Lys. 2.80; in Dor. and Aeol.sepulchral Inscrr., Schwyzer 348,al. c. in hostile sense, against, Hdt. 1.61,6.74, 88, S. Ph. 1139 (lyr.), etc.; as a check upon, οἱ πρόβουλοι καθεστᾶσιν ἐ. τοῖς βουλευταῖς Arist. Pol. 1299b37, cf. 1271a39; also, towards, in reference to, ἐ. πᾶσι χόλον τελέσαι Il. 4.178; ἐπʼ ἔργοις πᾶσι S. OC 1268; δικαιότερος καὶ ἐπʼ ἄλλῳ ἔσσεαι Il. 19.181, cf. S. Tr. 994 (anap.), etc.; ἐ. τοῖς δυνατοῖς ἔχειν τὴν γνώμην Democr. 191; τὸ ἐ. πᾶσιν τοῖς σώμασι κάλλος extending over all bodies, Pl. Smp. 210b; ἡ [παιδεία] ἡ ἐ. σώμασι, ἐ. ψυχῇ, Id. R. 376e; τἀπὶ σοὶ κακά the ills which lie upon thee, S. Ph. 806: in Att. also, νόμον τίθεσθαι, θεῖναι ἐ. τινι, make a law for his case, whether for or against, Pl. Grg. 488d, Lex ap.And. 1.87; νόμους ἀναγράψαι ἐ. τοῖς ἀδικοῦσι D. 24.5; νόμος κεῖται ἐ. τινι ib.70; τἀπὶ τῷ πλήθει νενομοθετημένα ib.123, cf. 142; τί θεσμοποιεῖς ἐ. ταλαιπώρῳ νεκρῷ; E. Ph. 1645. d. of accumulation, upon, after, ὄγχνη ἐπʼ ὄγχνῃ one pear after another, pear on pear, Od. 7.120; ἐ. κέρδεϊ κέρδος Hes. Op. 644; ἄτη ἑτέρα ἐπʼ ἄτῃ A. Ch. 404 (lyr.); πήματα ἐ. πήμασι, ἐ. νόσῳ νόσος, S. Ant. 595, OC 544 (both lyr.). e. in addition to, over and above, besides, οὐκ ἄρα σοί γʼ ἐ. εἴδεϊ καὶ φρένες ἦσαν Od. 17.454, cf. 308; ἄλλα τε πόλλʼ ἐ. τῇσι παρίσχομεν Il. 9.639, cf. Od. 22.264; ἐ. τοῖσι besides, 24.277; ἐ. τούτοις Him. Or. 14.10; so of Numerals, τρισχιλίους ἐ. μυρίοις Plu. Publ. 20, cf. Jul. Or. 4.148c, etc.; γυναῖκʼ ἐφʼ ἡμῖν . . ἔχει E. Med. 694: with Verbs of eating and drinking, with, ἐ. τῷ σίτῳ πίνειν ὕδωρ X. Cyr. 6.2.27; νέκταρ ποτίσαι ἐπʼ ἀμβροσίᾳ Pl. Phdr. 247e; esp. of a relish, κάρδαμον μόνον ἐ. τῷ σίτῳ ἔχειν X. Cyr. 1.2.11; παίειν ἐφʼ ἁλὶ τὰν μᾶδδαν Ar. Ach. 835: metaph., ἐ. τῷ φάγοις ἥδιστʼ ἄν; ἐ. βαλλαντίῳ; Id. Eq. 707; later ἐ. γογγυλίσι διαβιῶναι live on turnips, Ath. 10.419a. f. of position, after ,behind, of soldiers, X. Cyr. 8.3.16-18. g. in dependence upon, in the power of, τὰ δʼ οὐκ ἐπʼ ἀνδράσι κεῖται Pi. P. 8.76; ἐ. τινί ἐστι it is in his power to do, c.inf., Hdt. 8.29, etc.; ἐ. σοί ἐστιν ἀναζωπυρεῖν M.Ant. 7.2; ἐ. ἑτέροις γίγνεσθαι Th. 6.22; ἐ. τῷ πλήθει in their hands, S. OC 66, cf. Th. 2.84; τὸ ἐπʼ ἐμοί, τὸ ἐ. ἐκείνῳ, etc., as far as is in my power, etc., X. Cyr. 5.4.11, Isoc. 4.142, etc.; τὸ ἐ. τούτοις εἶναι Lys. 28.14; ἐ. τοῖς υἱάσι their property, Leg.Gort. 4.37. h. according to, ἐ. τοῖς νόμοις Lex ap.D. 24.56; ἐ. πᾶσι δικαίοις ποιούμεθα τοὺς λόγους Id. 20.88; ἐ. προφάσει θηρός S. Tr. 662 codd.(lyr.). i. of condition or circumstances in which one is, ἀτελευτήτῳ ἐ. ἔργῳ Il. 4.175, etc.; ἐπʼ ἀρρήτοις λόγοις S. Ant. 556; ἐπʼ ἀσφάκτοις μήλοισι E. Ion 228 (lyr.); ταύταις ἐ. συντυχίαις Pi. P. 1.36; ἐπʼ εὐπραξίᾳ S. OC 1554; ἐ. τῷ παρόντι Th. 2.36; ἐπʼ αὐτοφώρῳ λαβεῖν, v. αὐτόφωρος; also ἐ. τῷ δείπνῳ at dinner, X. Cyr. 1.3.12, Thphr. Char. 3.2; ἐ. τῇ κύλικι Pl. Smp. 214b; ἐ. θαλίαις E. Med. 192 (anap.). k. Geom., of the point, etc., at which letters are written, κέντρον ἐφʼ ᾧ K Hippocr. ap. Simp. in Ph. 64.14; ἡ [γραμμὴ] ἐφʼ ᾗ HK the line HK, Arist. Mete. 375b22. 2. with Verbs of Motion: a. where the sense of motion merges in that of support, ἐ. χθονὶ βαίνει Il. 4.443; θεῖναι ἐ. γούνασιν 6.92; καταθέσθαι ἐ. γαίῃ 3.114; ἱστὸν ἔστησεν ἐ. ψαμάθοις 23.853; ἐ. φρεσὶ θῆκε 1.55; δυσφόρους ἐπʼ ὄμμασι γνώμας βαλεῖν S. Aj. 51, etc. b. in pregnant construction, πέτονται ἐπʼ ἄνθεσιν fly on to the flowers and settle there, Il. 2.89; ἐκ . . βαῖνον ἐ. ῥηγμῖνι θαλάσσης Od. 15.499; καθεῖσεν ἐ. Σκαμάνδρῳ Il. 5.36; ἦλθε δʼ ἐ. Κρήτεσσι 4.251, cf. 273; νῆες εἰρύατʼ . . ἐ. θινὶ θαλάσσης 4.248. c. rarely for εἰς c.acc., νηυσὶν ἔ. γλαφυρῇσιν ἐλαυνέμεν 5.327, 11.274. d. in hostile sense, upon or against, ἐ. τινι ἔχειν, ἰθύνειν ἵππους, 5.240, 8.110; ἐ. τινι ἱέναι βέλος, ἰθύνεσθαι ὀϊστόν, 1.382, Od. 22.8; ἐ. τοι Ἀκράγαντι τανύσαις Pi. O. 2.91; ἐ. Τυδεΐδῃ ἐτιταίνετο . . τόξα Il. 5.97; ἐφʼ Ἕκτορι . . ἀκοντίσσαι 16.358; κύνας . . σεύῃ ἐπʼ ἀγροτέρῳ συΐ 11.293; ὡρμήθησαν ἐπʼ ἀνδράσιν Od. 10.214, cf. E. Ph. 1379, etc.: also ἐ. τινι τετάχθαι Th. 2.70, 3.13; ὅστις φάρμακα δηλητήρια ποιοῖ ἐ. Τηΐοισιν SIG 37.2 (Teos, v B.C.). II. of Time, rarely, and never in good Att., exc. in sense of succession (infr. 2), ἐ. νυκτί by night, Il. 8.529; ἐφʼ ἡμέρῃ, αἱ δʼ ἐ. νυκτί Hes. Op. 102; ἐπʼ ἤματι τῷδε on this very day, Il. 13.234; ἐπʼ ἤματι for to-day, 19.229, 10.48, Od. 2.284; αἰεὶ ἐπʼ ἤματι every day, 14.105; ἐπʼ ἡμέρῃ ἑκάστῃ Hdt. 4.112, 5.53, cf. D.S. 34/5.2.1; ὁ ἥλιος νέος ἐφʼ ἡμέρῃ ἐστίν Heraclit. 6; ἐ. τρίς Act.Ap. 10.16, PHolm. 1.18. 2. of succession, after, ἕκτῃ ἐ. δέκα on the 16th of the month, Chron. ap. D. 18.155, Decr.ib.181 (δεκάτῃ codd.); τετράδι ἐ. δέκα IG 12.304.62; πρὸ τῆς ἕκτης ἐ. δέκα ib.22.1361.19; ἐπʼ ἐξεργασμένοισι, = Lat. re peracta, Hdt. 4.164, etc.; ἐ. τινι ἀγορεύειν, ἀνίστασθαι, E. Or. 898,902, X. Cyr. 2.3.7, etc.; ἐ. διεφθαρμένοισι Ἴωσι Hdt. 1.170, τὰ ἐ. τούτοισι, = Lat. quod superest, Id. 9.78, cf. Th. 1.65, A. Ag. 255, etc.; τοὐπὶ τῷδε πῆμα E. Hipp. 855 (lyr.), etc. 3. in the time of (cf. A. II) only in Arc., ἐπὶ Χαιριάδαι Schwyzer 665 A 21, cf. 666 (Orchom.). III. in various causal senses: 1. of the occasion or cause, τετεύξεται ἄλγεʼ ἐπʼ αὐτῇ for her, Il. 21.585; ἐ. σοὶ μάλα πόλλʼ ἔπαθον for thee, 9.492: freq. with Verbs expressing some mental affection, ἐπὶ παντὶ λόγῳ ἐπτοῆσθαι Heraclit. 87; μέγα φρονεῖν ἐ. τινι to be proud at or of a thing, Pl. Prt. 342d, X. HG 3.4.11, etc.; χλιδᾶν ἐ .τινι S. El. 360; ἀγάλλεσθαι, ἀγανακτεῖν ἐ. τοῖς παροῦσι, X. An. 2.6.26, Isoc. 4.122; ὀνομαστὸς ἐ. τινι γεγονέναι X. Mem. 1.2.61; also ἐφʼ αἵματι φεύγειν to be tried on a capital charge, D. 21.105; πληγὰς λαμβάνειν ἐ. τινι X. Cyr. 1.3.16; ζημιοῦσθαι ἐ. τινι D. 24.122, etc.: in adverbial phrases [δικάσσαι] ἐπʼ ἀρωγῇ with favour, Il. 23.574; δολίῃ ἐ. τέχνῃ Hes. Th. 540; ἐ. μιῇ αἰτίῃ ἀνήκεστον πάθος ἔρδειν Hdt. 1.137, etc.; ἐ .κακουργίᾳ καὶ οὐκ ἀρετῇ for malice, Th. 1.37; ἐπʼ εὐνοία, ἐπʼ ἔχθρα, D. 18.273, 21.55; ἐπʼ ἀγαθῇ ἐλπίδι with . . , X. Mem. 2.1.18, cf. Ep.Rom. 4.18; ἐφʼ ἑκατέροις in both cases, Pl. Tht. 158d, cf. Xenoph. 34.4; ἐ. δάκρυσί τινα καταστένειν E. Tr. 315 (lyr.); ἐ. τῇ πάσῃ συκοφαντίᾳ καὶ διασεισμῷ Mitteis Chr. 31 vI (ii B.C.), etc. 2. of an end or purpose, υἱὸν ἐ. κτεάτεσσι λιπέσθαι Il. 5.154, cf. 9.482; ἐ. δόρπῳ for supper, Od. 18.44; ἐ. κακῷ ἀνθρώπου σίδηρος ἀνεύρηται Hdt. 1.68; ἐ. διαφθορῇ Id. 4.164; ἐ. σῷ καιρῷ S. Ph. 151 (lyr.); ἐ. τῷ κέρδει X. Mem. 1.2.56; δῆσαι ἐ. θανάτῳ or τὴν ἐ. θανάτῳ, Hdt. 9.37, 3.119, cf.1.109, X. An. 1.6.10; ἐ. θανάτῳ συλλαβεῖν Isoc. 4.154; ἐπʼ ἐξαγωγῇ for exportation, Hdt. 5.6; χρηστηριάζεσθαι ἐ. τῇ χώρῃ with a view to gaining . . , Id. 1.66; ἐ. τούτοις ἐθύσαντο X. An. 3.5.18; ἐ. τῷ ὑβρίζεσθαι Th. 1.38, cf.34, etc.; τι κακοτεχνεῖν ἐ. αἰσχύνῃ τοῦ ἀνδρός PEleph. 1.6 (iv B.C.). 3. of the condition upon which a thing is done, ἐ. τούτοισι on these terms, Hdt. 1.60, etc.; ἐ. τοῖσδε, ὥστε . . Th. 3.114; ἐ. τούτῳ, ἐπʼ ᾧτε on condition that . . , Hdt. 3.83, cf. 7.158: in orat. obliq., ἐπʼ or ἐφʼ ᾧτε folld. by inf., Id. 1.22, 7.154, X. HG 2.2.20; ἐφʼ ᾧ μηδὲν κακὸν ποιήσουσιν Th. 1.126 (but ἐφʼ ᾧ = wherefore, Ep.Rom. 5.12); ἐπʼ οὐδενί on no condition, on no account, Hdt. 3.38; but, for no adequate reason, D. 21.132; ἐπʼ ἴσῃ τε καὶ ὁμοίῃ, ἐπὶ τῇ ἴσῃ καὶ ὁμοίᾳ, on fair and equal terms, Hdt. 9.7, Th. 1.27; ἐ. ῥητοῖς, v. ῥητός; also of a womanʼs dowry, τὴν μητέρα ἐγγυᾶν ἐ. ταῖς ὀγδοήκοντα μναῖς D. 28.16; γῆμαί τινα ἐ. δέκα ταλάντοις And. 4.13; τὴν θυγατέρα ἔχειν γυναῖκα ἐ. τῇ τυραννίδι Hdt. 1.60; on the principle of . . , ἐ. τῷ μὴ λυπεῖν ἀλλήλους Th. 1.71. 4. of the price for which . . , ἔργον τελέσαι δώρῳ ἔ. μεγάλῳ Il. 10.304, cf. 21.445; ἐ. τίνι χρήματι; Hdt. 3.38; ἐ. πόσῳ; Pl. Ap. 41a; ἐ .ταλάντῳ χρυσίου Ar. Av. 154; ἐπʼ ἀργυρίῳ λέγειν, πράττειν, D. 19.182, 24.200; ἐ. χρήμασι λυμαίνεσθαι Id. 19.332; ἐ. πολλῷ ἐρρᾳθυμηκότες Id. 1.15; also of money lent at interest, δανείζεσθαι ἐ. τοῖς μεγάλοις τόκοις ibid.; ἐ. δραχμῇ δανείζειν lend at 12 per cent., Id. 27.9; ἐπʼ ὀκτὼ ὀβολοῖς τὴν μνᾶν τοῦ μηνὸς ἑκάστου δανείζειν, i.e. at 16 per cent., Id. 53.13; ἐ. διακοσίαις εἴκοσι πέντε τὰς χιλίας for 225 per mille, i.e. 22.5 per cent., Syngr. ap. eund.35.10; also of the security on which money is borrowed, δανείζειν ἐ. ἀνδραπόδοις Id. 27.27; ἐπʼ οἴνου κεραμίοις τρισχιλίοις Id. 35.18; ἐ. νηΐ Id. 56.3; δανείζειν ἐ. τοῖς σώμασιν Arist. Ath. 9.1, cf. 2.2, D.H. 4.9. 5. of names, φάος καὶ νὺξ ὀνόμασται . . ἐ. τοῖσί τε καὶ τοῖς Parm. 9.2; ἐ. τῇ τοῦ οἰκείου ἔχθρᾳ στάσις κέκληται Pl. R. 470b; so ὄνομα κεῖται ἐ. τινι X. Cyr. 2.2.12; ὄνομα καλεῖν ἐ. τινι Pl. Sph. 218c, cf. 244b; πότερον ταῦτα, πέντε ὀνόματα ὄντα, ἐ. ἑνὶ πράγματί ἐστι Id. Prt. 349b (v. supr. A. III.2). 6. of persons in authority, ὅς μʼ ἐ. βουσὶν εἷσεν who set me over the kine, Od. 20.209, cf. 221; ποιμαίνειν ἐπʼ ὄεσσι Il. 6.25; οὖρον κατέλειπον ἐ. κτεάτεσσιν Od. 15.89; σημαίνειν ἐ. δμῳῇσι 22.427; πέμπειν ἐ. τοσούτῳ στρατεύματι Th. 6.29; ἐ. ταῖς ναυσίν X. HG 1.5.11; οἱ ἐ. ταῖς μηχαναῖς Id. Cyr. 6.3.28; οἱ ἐ. ταῖς καμήλοις ib.33; οἱ ἐ. τοῖς πράγμασιν ὄντες D. 9.2; ἐ. θυγατρὶ . . γαμεῖν ἄλλην γυναῖκα Hdt. 4.154. 7. in possession of, possessing, ἐ. τοῖς ἑαυτοῦ μένειν Th. 4.105, cf. 8.86; ζῆν ἐ. παιδίοις, τελευτᾶν ἐ. παιδὶ γνησίῳ, Alciphr. 1.3, Philostr. VS 2.12.2; ἐ. παισὶ διαδόχοις Hdn. 4.2.1; ἀποθανεῖν ἐ. κληρονόμοις ταῖς θυγατράσι Artem. 1.78, cf. PMeyer 6.22 (ii A.D.); ἐ. μόνῳ παιδὶ σαλεύειν Hld. 1.9. C. WITH Acc.: I. of Place, upon or on to a height, with Verbs of Motion, ἐ. πύργον ἔβη Il. 6.386, cf. 12.375; ἐ. τὰ ὑψηλότατα τῶν ὀρέων ἀναβαίνειν Hdt. 1.131; προελθεῖν ἐ. βῆμα Th. 2.34; ἀναβιβαστέον τινά, ἀναβαίνειν ἐ. τὸν ἵππον, Pl. R. 467e, X. An. 3.4.35; also ἐξ ἵππων ἀποβάντες ἐ. χθόνα Il. 3.265; ἐξεκυλίσθη πρηνὴς ἐ. στόμα upon his face, 6.43; ἐ. θρόνον . . ἕζετο 8.442; ὤμω . . ἐ. στῆθος συνοχωκότε drawn together upon his breast, 2.218; Ὀδυσσῆʼ εἷσαν ἐ. σκέπας Od. 6.212; θέσθαι ἐ. τὰ γόνατα X. An. 7.3.23; ἐπʼ ἀμφότερα τὰ ὦτα καθεύδειν Aeschin.Socr. 54; ἐ. κεφαλήν head-foremost, Pl. R. 553b, Luc. Pisc. 48 (v. κεφαλή): less freq. than ἐπί with gen. or dat. b. Geom., αἱ ἐ. τὰς ἁφὰς ἐπιζευγνύμεναι εὐθεῖαι joining the points of contact, Archim. Sph.Cyl. 1.8; κάθετος ἐ. perpendicular to (v. κάθετος). 2. to, ἦλθε θοὰς ἐ. νῆας Il. 1.12, etc.; ἐ. βωμὸν ἄγων ib.440; ἴθυσαν δʼ ἐ. τεῖχος 12.443; ἐ. τέρμʼ ἀφίκετο S. Aj. 48; ἡ [ὁδὸς] ἐ. Σοῦσα φέρει X. An. 3.5.15; ἡ ὁδὸς ἡ ἀπὸ τῶν Πυλῶν ἐ. τὸ Ποσειδώνιον Th. 4.118; ἐ. τὸ αὐτὸ αἱ γνῶμαι ἔφερον Id. 1.79: c.acc. pers., βῆ δʼ ἄρʼ ἐπʼ Ἀτρεΐδην Il. 2.18, cf. 10.18,85,150, etc.: sts. in pregn. constr. with Verbs of Rest, ἐπιστῆναι ἐ. τὰς θύρας Pl. Smp. 212d; παρεῖναι ἐ. τὸν τάφον Th. 2.34, cf. X. Cyr. 3.3.12. b. metaph., ἐ. ἔργα τρέπεσθαι, ἰέναι, Il. 3.422, Od. 2.127; ἰέναι ἐ. τὸν ἔπαινον Th. 2.36; ἐ. συμφορὴν ἐμπεσεῖν Hdt. 7.88 codd.; also ἐ. τὴν τράπεζαν ἀποδιδόναι, ὀφείλειν, pay, owe to the bank, D. 33.12, Docum. ap. eund.45.31; ἡ ἐγγύη ἡ ἐ. τὴν τράπεζαν D. 33.10; τὸ ἐ. τὴν τράπεζαν χρέως ib.24; also εἰσποιηθῆναι ἐ. τὸ ὄνομά τινος to be entered under his name, Id. 44.36. c. up to, as far as (μέχρι ἐ. X. An. 5.1.[1]), παρατείνειν ἐπʼ Ἡρακλέας στήλας Hdt. 4.181; ἐ. θάλασσαν καθήκειν Th. 2.27,97: metaph., ἐ. πείρατʼ ἀέθλων ἤλθομεν Od. 23.248; ἐ. διηκόσια ἀποδιδόναι yield 200-fold, Hdt. 1.193; in measurements, πλέον ἢ ἐ. δύο στάδια X. Cyr. 7.5.8, An. 6.2.2; ὅσον ἐ. εἴκοσι σταδίους ib.6.4.5, cf. 1.7.15: freq. with a neut. Adj. or Pron., τόσσον τίς τʼ ἐπιλεύσσει ὅσον τʼ ἐ. λᾶαν ἵησιν Il. 3.12; ὅσσον ἔφʼ 2.616, cf. 15.358; ἐ. τοσοῦτό γε φρονέω, . . ταύτην μηδὲν σίνεσθαι I am prudent enough, not to . . , Hdt. 6.97; ἐ. ὅσον δεῖ Th. 7.66; ἐ. πάντʼ ἀφίξομαι S. OT 265; ἐ. πᾶν ἐλθεῖν X. An. 3.1.18; ἐ. τὸ ἔσχατον ἀγῶνος ἐλθεῖν Th. 4.92; ἐ. μεῖζον χωρεῖν, ἔρχεσθαι, ib.117, S. Ph. 259; ἐ. μέγα χωρεῖν δυνάμεως Th. 1.118; ἐ. μακρότερον, ἐ. μακρότατον, Id. 4.41, 1.1, Hdt. 4.16, 192; ἐ. σμικρόν, ἐ. βραχύ, a little way, a little, S. El. 414, Th. 1.118; ἐπʼ ἔλαττον, ἐπʼ ἐλάχιστον, Pl. Phd. 93b, Th. 1.70; ἐπʼ ὀλίγον, ἐ. πολλά, Pl. Sph. 254b; ἐ. πλέον still more, Hdt. 2.171, 5.51, Th. 2.51; rarely with Advs., ἐ. μᾶλλον Hdt. 1.94, 4.181. d. before, into the presence of (cf. A. I.2e), ἦγον δή μιν ἐ. τὰ κοινά Id. 3.156 (but στὰς ἐ. τὸ συνέδριον standing at the door of the council, Id. 8.79); ἐ. ἡγεμόνας καὶ βασιλεῖς ἀχθήσεσθε Ev.Matt. 10.18. e. in Military phrases (cf. A. I.2d), ἐπʼ ἀσπίδας πέντε καὶ εἴκοσιν ἐτάξαντο, i.e. twenty-five in file, Th. 4.93; dub. in X., as ἐ. πολλοὺς τεταγμένοι many in file, An.4.8.11 codd.; ἐπʼ ὀλίγον τὸ βάθος γίγνεσθαι Cyr. 7.5.2 codd.; for ἐ. κέρας v. infr. 3. 3. of the quarter or direction towards or in which a thing takes place, ἐ. δεξιά, ἐπʼ ἀριστερά, to the right or left, Il. 7.238, 12.240, Od. 3.171, Hdt. 6.33, etc.; ἐ. τὰ ἕτερα or ἐ. θάτερα, Id. 5.74, Th. 1.87, etc.; ἐ. τὰ μακρότερα ,βραχύτερα, on the longer, shorter side, Hdt. 1.50; ἐπʼ ἀμφότερα νοέων both ways, Id. 8.22; ἐπʼ ἀμφότερα μαχᾶν τάμνειν τέλος Pi. O. 13.57, etc.; ἐ. τάδε Φασήλιδος on this side, Isoc. 7.80; ἐ. ἐκεῖνα, v. ἐπέκεινα; ἐφʼ ἕν, ἐ. δύο, ἐ. τρία, of space, in one, two, three dimensions, Arist. de An. 404b23, Plot. 6.3.13; in Military phrases, ἐ. δόρυ ἀναστρέψαι ,ἐ. ἀσπίδα μεταβαλέσθαι, to the spear or shield side, i.e. to right or left, X. An. 4.3.29, Cyr. 7.5.6; ἐ. πόδα ἀναχωρεῖν, etc., retire on the foot, i.e. facing the enemy, Id. An. 5.2.32; so ἐ. κέρας or ἐ. κέρως πλεῖν, etc., sail towards or on the wing, i.e. in column (v. κέρας v11): metaph., ἐ. τὸ μεῖζον κοσμῆσαι, δεινῶσαι, etc., with exaggeration, Th. 1.10, 8.74, etc.; ἐ. τὸ πλέον ἀγγέλλεσθαι Id. 6.34; ἐ. τὸ φοβερώτερον ib.83; ἐ. τὰ γελοιότερα ἐπαινέσαι so as to provoke laughter, Pl. Smp. 214e; ἐ. τὰ καλλίω, ἐ. τὰ αἰσχίονα, Id. Plt. 293e; ἐ. τὸ βέλτιον καὶ κάλλιον, ἐ. τὸ χεῖρον καὶ τὸ αἴσχιον, Id. R. 381b; ἐ. τὸ ἄμεινον Orac. ap. D. 43.66. 4. in hostile sense, against, ἰέναι ἐ. νέας Il. 13.101; ὦρτο δʼ ἐπʼ αὐτούς 5.590; στρατεύεσθαι or -εύειν ἐ. τινα, Hdt. 1.71,77, Th. 1.26, etc.; ἰέναι ἐ. φάτιν S. OT 495 (lyr.); πλεῖν ἐ. τοὺς Ἀθηναίους Th. 2.90; πέμπειν στρατηγὸν ἐ. τινας Hdt. 1.153; θύεσθαι ἐ. τινα offer sacrifice on going against . . , X. An. 7.8.21; ἐφʼ ὑμᾶς to your prejudice, D. 6.33, 10.57. 5. of extension over a space, πουλὺν ἐφʼ ὑγρὴν ἤλυθον over much water, Il. 10.27: ἐπʼ εὐρέα νῶτα θαλάσσης 2.159; ἐ. κύματα 13.27; ὁρόων ἐπʼ ἀπείρονα πόντον 1.350; πλέων, λεύσσων ἐ. οἴνοπα πόντον, 7.88, 5.771; ἐ. πολλὰ δʼ ἀλήθην Od. 14.120; ἄγοισι . . Ἀνδρομάχαν . . ἐπʼ ἄλμυρον πόντον Sapph. Supp. 20a. 7: also with Verbs of Rest, ἐπʼ ἐννέα κεῖτο πέλεθρα over nine acres he lay stretched, Od. 11.577; τόσσον ἔπʼ over so much, 5.251, cf. 13.114; διώκοντες ἐ. πολύ over a large space, Th. 1.50, cf. 62, etc.; ἐ. πλεῖστον ib.4; ὡς ἐ. πλεῖστον 2.34, etc.; freq. to be rendered on, δράκων ἐ. νῶτα δαφοινός Il. 2.308; ἵππους . . ἐ. νῶτον ἐΐσας ib.765; ὅσσα τε γαῖαν ἔπι πνείει 17.447; ἐ. γαῖαν εἰσὶ δύω [γένη] Hes. Op. 11; ἀοιδοὶ ἔασιν ἐ. χθόνα Th. 95; ἐ. γᾶν μέλαιναν ἔμμεναι κάλλιστον Sapph. Supp. 5.2; also, among, κλέος πάντας ἐπʼ ἀνθρώπους Il. 10.213, cf. 24.202,535; δασσάμενοι [κτήματʼ] ἐφʼ ἡμέας Od. 16.385, cf. Pl. Prt. 322d. II. of Time, for or during a certain time, ἐ. χρόνον Il. 2.299, Od. 14.193: πολλὸν ἐ. χρόνον 12.407; παυρίδιον . . ἐ. χρόνον Hes. Op. 133; ἐ. δηρόν Il. 9.415; ἐ. πολὺν χρόνον Pl. Phd. 84c, etc.; ἐπʼ ὀλίγον χρόνον Lycurg. 7; ἐ. χρόνον τινά, ἐ. τινα χρόνον, Pl. Prt. 344b, Grg. 524d; γῆν ἀπεμίσθωσαν ἐ. δέκα ἔτη Th. 3.68; ἐ. διετές Lex ap.D. 46.20; ἐ. τρεῖς ἡμέρας X. An. 6.6.36; τὸ ἐφʼ ἡμέραν ἀρκέσον enough for the day, Id. Cyr. 6.2.34, cf. D. 50.23, Hdt. 1.32; ἐ. πολύ for a long time, Th. 1.6, etc. 2. up to, until a certain time, εὗδον παννύχιος καὶ ἐπʼ ἠῶ καὶ μέσον ἦμαρ Od. 7.288; οὐδʼ ἐ. γῆρας ἵκετʼ 8.226. III. in various causal senses: 1. of the object or purpose for which one goes, ἀγγελίην ἔπι Τυδῆ στεῖλαν sent him for (i.e. to bring) tidings of . . , Il. 4.384 (dub.); ἐ. βοῦν ἴτω let him go for an ox, Od. 3.421; ἐ. τεύχεα δʼ ἐσσεύοντο Il. 2.808; ἐλθεῖν πρός τινα ἐπʼ ἀργύριον X. Cyr. 1.6.12; πέμπειν εἴς τινα ἐ. στράτευμα ib.4.5.31; ἴτω τις ἐφʼ ὕδωρ ib.5.3.49; ἥκειν ἐ. τοὺς τόκους for (i.e. to demand) the interest, D. 50.61: less freq. c. acc. pers., ἐπʼ Ὀδυσσῆα ἤϊε Od. 5.149, cf. S. OT 555; κατῆλθον ἐ. ποιητήν Ar. Ra. 1418; κατέρχονται ἐ. τὸν Ἀγόρατον Lys. 13.23: with acc. of a Noun of Action, ἐξιέναι ἐ. θήραν go out hunting, X. Cyr. 1.2.9; ἔπλεον οὐχ ὡς ἐ. ναυμαχίαν (v.l. for -μαχίᾳ) Th. 2.83; ἐ. μάχην ἰέναι X. An. 1.4.12; ἔρχεσθαι, ἵζειν ἐ. δεῖπνον, Il. 2.381, Od. 24.394; ἐ. δόρπον ἀνέστη 12.439; κληθεὶς ἐ. δεῖπνον Pl. Smp. 174e, etc.; καλεῖν ἐ. ξείνια Hdt. 2.107,5.18; ἐ. τὴν θεωρίαν to see the sight, Ev.Luc. 23.48, cf. PTeb. 33.6 (ii B.C.): freq. with neut. Pron. or Adj., ἐ. τοῦτο ἐλθεῖν for this purpose, X. An. 2.5.22, cf. Th. 5.87; ἐπʼ αὐτὸ τοῦτο Pl. Grg. 447b, etc.; ἐ. τί; to what end? Ar. Nu. 256; ἐφʼ ὅ τι Id. Lys. 22,481; ἐφʼ ἃ ἤλθομεν for which purpose, Th. 7.15, etc.; ἐπὶ ἴσα for like ends, Pi. N. 7.5 (but ἐ. ἶσα μάχη τέτατο, = ἴσως, Il. 12.436); ἐ. τὸ βέλτιον to a better result, X. An. 7.8.4; ἀναστῆσαί τινα ἐ. χριστὸν Θεοῦ set up as Godʼs anointed, LXX 2 Ki. 23.1: after an Adj., ἄριστοι πᾶσαν ἐπʼ ἰθύν Il. 6.79, cf. Od. 4.434; ἄπορος ἐ. φρόνιμα S. OT 691 (lyr.); χρήσιμος ἐ . . . οὐδέν D. 25.31: after a Noun, ὁδὸς ἐ. τι X. Cyr. 1.6.21; ὄργανα ἐ. τι ib.6.2.34. 2. so far as regards, τοὐπὶ τήνδε τὴν κόρην S. Ant. 889; ὅσον γε τοὐπʼ ἐμέ E. Or. 1345; τοὐπί σε, τὸ ἐ. σέ, Id. Hec. 514, X. Cyr. 1.4.12; τὸ ἐ. σφᾶς εἶναι Th. 4.28; ὡς ἐ. τὸ πολύ for the most part, Arist. Top. 100b29, etc.; ἐ. πᾶν Th. 2.51; τὸ πρὸς ἅπαν ξυνετὸν ἐ. πᾶν ἀργόν Id. 3.82; κρείσσων ἐπʼ ἀρετήν Democr. 181; ἐ. μέγα Call. Dian. 55. 3. of persons set over others, ἐ. τοὺς πεζοὺς καθιστάναι ἄρχοντα X. Cyr. 4.5.58, cf. HG 3.4.20; στρατηγὸς ἐ. τοὺς ὁπλίτας, ἐ. τὴν χώραν, Arist. Ath. 61.1, IG 22.682.24; ἐ. τὸν Πειραιέα Arist. Ath.l.c.; ἐ. Ῥαμνοῦντα IG 2.1206b (cf. A. III.1); οἱ θεσμοθέται οἱ ἐ. τοὺς νόμους κληρούμενοι D. 20.90. 4. according to, by, ἐ. στάθμην by the rule, Od. 5.245, 21.44, etc. D. POSITION:—ἐπί may suffer anastrophe (ἔπι) and follow its case, as in Il. 1.162; it may likewise follow its Verb, ἤλυθʼ ἔπι ψυχή Od. 24.20, cf. Il. 9.539. II. in Poets it is sts. put with the second of two Nouns, though in sense it also governs the first, ἢ ἁλὸς ἢ ἐ. γῆς Od. 12.27, cf. S. OT 761, Ant. 367 (lyr.). E. ABS., used adverbially, without anastrophe, καὶ ἐ. σκέπας ἦν ἀνέμοιο Od. 5.443; κτεῖνον δʼ ἐ. μηλοβοτῆρας as well, Il. 18.529; esp. ἐ. δέ . . and besides . . , Hdt. 7.65,75, etc.; πολιαί τʼ ἐ. ματέρες S. OT 182 (lyr.). II. ἔπι, for ἔπεστι, there is, Il. 1.515, 3.45, Od. 16.315; οὐ γὰρ ἔπʼ ἀνήρ . . there is no man . . , 2.58; σοὶ δʼ ἔ. μὲν μορφὴ ἐπέων 11.367; ἔ. δέ μοι γέρας A. Eu. 393 codd. (lyr.). F. PROSODY: in ἐπιόψομαι, ι is not elided before a vowel; also in some words where σ or ϝ has been lost, as ἐπιάλμενος, ἐπιείκελος, ἐπιεικής, ἐπιέξομαι (v. ἐπέχω v11). Dor. ἐπιεργάζομαι (v. ἐπιεργάζομαι). G. IN COMPOSITION: I. of Place, denoting, 1. Support or Rest upon, ἔπειμι (A), ἐπίκειμαι, ἐπικαθίζω, ἐπαυχένιος, ἐπιβώμιος, etc. 2. Motion, a. upon or over, ἐπιβαίνω, ἐπιτρέχω. b. to or towards, ἐπέρχομαι, ἐπιστέλλω, ἐπαρίστερος, ἐπιδέξιος. c. against, ἐπαΐσσω, ἐπιπλέω II, ἐπιστρατεύω, ἐπιβουλεύω. d. up to a point, ἐπιτελέω. e. over a place, as in ἐπαιωρέομαι, ἐπαρτάω. f. over or beyond boundaries, as in ἐπινέμομαι. g. implying reciprocity, as in ἐπιγαμία. 3. Extension over a surface, as in ἐπαλείφω, ἐπανθίζω, ἐπιπέτομαι, ἐπιπλέω I, ἐπάργυρος, ἐπίχρυσος. 4. Accumulation of one thing over or besides another, as in ἐπαγείρω, ἐπιμανθάνω, ἐπαυξάνω, ἐπιβάλλω, ἐπίκτητος. 5. Accompaniment, to, with, as in ἐπᾴδω, ἐπαυλέω, ἐπαγρυπνέω: hence of Addition, ἐπίτριτος one and 1/3 more, 1 +1/3; so ἐπιτέταρτος, ἐπίπεμπτος, ἐπόγδοος, etc. 6. with Adjs., somewhat, slightly, as in ἐπίξανθος, ἐπίπικρος. II. of Time and Sequence, after, as in ἐπιβιόω, ἐπιβλαστάνω, ἐπιγίγνομαι, ἐπακόλουθος, ἐπίγονος, ἐπιστάτης I.2. III. in causal senses: 1. Superiority felt over or at, as in ἐπιχαίρω, ἐπιγελάω, ἐπαισχύνομαι. 2. Authority over, as in ἐπικρατέω, ἔπαρχος, ἐπιβουκόλος, ἐπιποιμήν. 3. Motive for, as in ἐπιθυμέω, ἐπιζήμιος, ἐπιθάνατος. 4. to give force or intensity to the Verb, as in ἐπαινέω, ἐπιμέμφομαι, ἐπικείρω, ἐπικλάω.