Plato › Greek Lexicon › ἐφίστημι

ἐφίστημι

ephistemi

set, place upon

Appears 392 times across Plato's dialogues.

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Dictionary (LSJ)

ἐφίστημι, Ion. ἐπ-: A. causal in pres., impf., fut., and aor. 1 (also in the later pf. and plpf. ἐφέστᾰκα, ἐφεστάκειν [ᾰ], v. infr. II.1, VI. 2): I. set, place upon, τεῖχος τείχει Th. 2.75; τι ἐπί τινος Pl. Criti. 116a; τι ἐπί τινι X. HG 3.1.7; ὅρους ἐπὶ οἰκίαν D. 41.6: metaph., ἐ. τὴν ἐκεῖ μοῖραν βίῳ Pl. R. 498c; ἀνάγκην τινί D.H. 1.16. II. set over, μʼ Ἀπόλλων τῷδʼ ἐπέστησεν τέλει A. Ag. 1202; φύλακʼ ἐπέστησεν βοτ Id. Supp. 303; ἐ. τινὰ ὕπαρχόν τισι Hdt. 5.27; τινὰ παιδαγωγόν τινι Pl. Alc. 1.122b, cf. X. Lac. 2.1; τινὰ πεντηκοντόρῳ Id. An. 5.1.15; τινὰ τοῖς πράγμασι Isoc. 2.27; τὸν νόμον Arist. Pol. 1292b28; ἐπὶ [συμμάχων] τινά Plb. 2.65.9; ἐφεστάκει τινὰς πρὸς χρείαν Id. 10.20.5; κύνα ἐπὶ ποίμνην D. 26.22; τινὰ ἐπὶ τὰς εὐθύνας Id. 18.112: c. inf., βουλὴν ἐπιμελεῖσθαι τῆς εὐκοσμίας Isoc. 7.37:—Pass., to be appointed, instituted, PTeb. 61 (b).358 (ii B. C.), etc. 2. bring in, ἡ τύχη ἐπιστήσασα Ῥωμαίους Plb. 15.20.6; Φίλιππον ἐ. τοῖς πράγμασι to let him have a hand in the business, D. 19.34. 3. bring in, cause, occasion, κατάπληξίν τισι D.S. 14.62; κίνδυνον, ἀγῶνά τινι, App. Hann. 55, Syr. 10; ἡ τύχη λοιμικὴν διάθεσιν ἐπέστησε Γαλάταις Plb. 2.20.7. III. set up, establish, ἀγῶνα Hdt. 1.167, 6.38: c. acc. et inf., ordain, prescribe, ὁ νόμος ἐφίστησι τὰ λοιπὰ κρίνειν τοὺς ἄρχοντας Arist. Pol. 1287a26; ἐπιστήσατε quid facere debeamus, Plin. Ep. 6.31.12. IV. set by or near to, ἐπιστήσαντες κύκλῳ τὸ σῆμα ἱππέας Hdt. 4.72; esp. place in rear, of troops, τὴν φάλαγγα τούτοις κατόπιν ἐ. Plb. 1.33.6, cf. 1.26. 14. V. stop, cause to halt, ἐπιστῆσαι τὸ στράτευμα X. Cyr. 4.2.18; τὴν ὁδόν, τὴν πορείαν, D.S. 17.112, Plu. Cim. 1; τοὺς ἱππέας τοῦ πρόσω Arr. An. 5.16.1; ἐ. τὴν ὁρμήν check it, Plb. 16.34.2; τὴν διήγησιν interrupt it, Id. 7.11.1; check, ἔμμηνα Dsc. 1.125, cf. POxy. 1088.20 (i A. D.): abs., ἐπιστήσας (sc. ἑαυτόν) having halted, X. An. 1.8.15:—Pass., to be checked, stopped, PPetr. 2p.62 (iii B. C.); ἐὰν ἐφίστηται ἡ κοιλία Sor. 1.122. VI. ἐφίστημι τὴν διάνοιαν κατά τι, περί τινος, fix oneʼs mind upon it, attend to it, Isoc. 9.69, Arist. Metaph. 987b3, Thphr. Char.Prooem., etc.; τὴν σκέψιν περί τινος Arist. Metaph. 1090a2; τὸν λόγον Id. Juv. 470b5; τὸν νοῦν τινι D.S. 12.1; αὑτὸν ἐπιστήσας ἐπί τι Arist. Top. 135a26: ἐπιστῆσαι abs., give attention, τούτοις ἐπιστήσαντες Id. Mu. 391a26; περί τινος Id. GC 315b18; περί τι Id. HA 487a13; ἐπί τι Plb. 1.65.5, etc.; ἐπιστήσασι μᾶλλον λεκτέον one must speak with more care and accuracy, Arist. Pol. 1335b3, cf. EN 1144a22; πότερον . . ἤ Jul.ad Them.265b; ὅτι . . Sor. 1.97 (hence ἐπίσταμαι, ἐπιστήμη, qq.v.). 2. c. acc. pers., arrest the attention of, Plu. TG 17, cf. 2.17e, Gal. 18(2).105; ἐπιστῆσαί τινα ἐπί τι call his attention to, Plb. 2.61.11, cf. 4.34.9; τοῦ καιροῦ τοῦ κατὰ τὴν διήγησιν ἐφεστακότος ἡμᾶς ἐπί τι having led us to . . , Id. 10.21.2, cf. 31.23.1: hence, object, Plot. 1.4.5. B. intr. in Med. and Pass., ἐφίσταμαι, aor. 1 ἐπεστάθην [S.] Fr. [1127.5], E. Hipp. 819, IT 1375, etc., with pf., plpf. (Aeol. plpf. 3sg. ἐπήστᾱκε Schwyzer 646.16 (Cyme, ii B. C.): Dor. plpf. 3pl. ἐφεστάκεον [ᾱ] SIG 241.146 (Delph., iv B. C.)), and aor. 2 Act.: (the causal tenses are not found in Hom., the Med. or Pass. only in impf. ἐφίστατο Il. 11.644; elsewh. always aor. 2 or pf. Act. with Ep. inf. ἐφεστάμεναι Od. 24.380):—stand upon, τεῖχος . . ῥύατʼ ἐφεσταότες Il. 18.515; πύργῳ ἐφεστήκει 6.373; δίφρῳ ἐφεσταότος 17.609, etc.; ἐπέστη βηλῷ ἔπι λιθέῳ 23.201; ἡ . . ἐπισταθεῖσα ὀρθή Arist. Metaph. 1051a28; ἐπὶ τὰς . . σχεδίας Plb. 3.46.8. 2. to be imposed upon, μόχθων τῶν ἐφεστώτων ἐμοί S. Tr. 1170. 3. stand on the top or surface, τὸ ἐπιστάμενον [τοῦ γάλακτος], i. e. cream, Hdt. 4.2; λιπαρότητες ἄνω ἐφιστάμεναι Hp. Prog. 12; ἐ. καθάπερ ὀρρὸς [γάλακτι] Dsc. 1.72; of vapour, form, Arist. Juv. 469b31. II. to be set over, ἐφίσταται πύλαις A. Th. 538; οἷός τε πολλοῖς προβατίοις ἐφεστάναι Ar. V. 955; οἷοι νῷν ἐφεστᾶσι σκοποί S. Aj. 945; ἄρχοντες ἐφʼ ἑκάστῳ μέρει ἐ. X. Hier. 9.5; ἐπί τινος Pl. R. 460b; ἐπὶ τῆς πολιτείας D. 19.298: rarely c. gen., τὸν ἐπεστεῶτα τῆς διώρυχος Hdt. 7.117; ὅσοι θεοῦ χρημάτων ἐφέστασαν E. Andr. 1098: abs. in part., ὁ ἐφεστηκώς the person in authority, the officer in command, X. Oec. 21.9; οἱ ἐφεστῶτες, Ion. οἱ ἐπεστεῶτες, Hdt. 2.148, S. Aj. 1072, X. Mem. 3.5.19. III. stand by or near, ὣς πυκνοὶ ἐφέστασαν ἀλλήλοισιν Il. 13.133; ἐπʼ ἄκρῳ χείλει ἐφεσταότες, ἐ. παρὰ τάφρῳ, 12.52, 199; θύρῃσιν ἐφίστατο 11.644; ἐπὶ τὰς πύλας, ἐπὶ τὰς θύρας, Hdt. 3.77, Pl. Smp. 212d; ἐπὶ τοῖς προθύροις Id. Phlb. 64c; esp. of dreams or visions, appear to, εὕδοντι ἐπέστη ὄνειρος Hdt. 1.34, cf. 7.14; ὄναρ κεφαλῆφιν ἐπέστη Il. 10.496; ἐπιστᾶσα τῆς νυκτός Isoc. 10.65; ἄγγελος ἐπέστη αὐτοῖς Ev.Luc. 2.9: abs., stand by, Hdt. 3.78; πολλῶν ἐφεστώτων App. Syr. 10; ἤμην ἐφεστώς Act.Ap. 22.20; οἱ λέβητες ἐπεστεῶτες Hdt. 1.59; ὁ ἀντίδικος ἐφέστηκε Pl. Tht. 172e, cf. Aeschin. 3.79; without hostile sense, ἐπέστης S. OC 558, cf. Ev.Luc. 2.38, etc.; of troops, to be posted after or behind, κατόπιν ἐ. τοῖς θηρίοις Plb. 16.18.7. 2. in hostile sense, stand against, τὰ φρονέοντες ἐφέστασαν ἀλλήλοισιν Il. 15.703, cf.5.624; ἔνθα μένος πνείοντες ἐφέστασαν Od. 22.203, cf. 24.380; appear before, of an army, ἐπὶ τῇ πόλι Hdt. 4.203; ἐπὶ τὸ βασίλειον Isoc. 9.58; come upon suddenly or by surprise, Th. 8.69; ἐξαίφνης ἐπιστὰς τοῖς γιγνομένοις Isoc. 8.41, cf. D. 6.5, Luc. DDeor. 17.1; εἰς τοὺς ὄχλους Isoc. 18.9; so of events, etc., αἰφνίδιος αὐτοῖς ἐ. ὄλεθρος 1 Ep.Thess. 5.3, cf. Ev.Luc. 21.34; διὰ τὸν ἐφεστῶτα ζόφον Plb. 18.20.7; διὰ τὸν ὑετὸν τὸν ἐφεστῶτα Act.Ap. 28.2. 3. metaph., of events, spring upon one, occur, πρίν μοι τύχη τοιάδʼ ἐπέστη S. OT 777, cf. Th. 3.82; in pf., impend, be at hand, τὸν ἐφεστηκότα κίνδυνον τῇ πόλει D. 18.176; ὁ καιρός . . ἐφέστηκε 2 Ep.Ti. 4.6; περὶ τοῦ βασιλέως . . ὁ λόγος ἐφέστηκε νῦν Arist. Pol. 1287a2, cf. Metaph. 999a25; of a more remote future, to be in store, lie in wait for, κῆρες ἐφεστᾶσιν θανάτοιο Il. 12.326. IV. halt, stop, as in a march, ἄλλοτε καὶ ἄλλοτε ἐφιστάμενος X. An. 2.4.26 (cf. A. V); ἐπιστὰς περιέμεινα Pl. Smp. 172a: c. gen., ἐ. τοῦ πλοῦ Th. 2.91. V. fix oneʼs mind on, give oneʼs attention to, σφαγῇ E. Andr. 547; τῇ τρύγῃ PFlor. 236.4 (iii A. D.); ἐπί τι Isoc. 10.29, D. 18.60; τοῖς πράγμασιν . . ἐπιστάντες Id. 4.12; ἐπιστάς abs. (sc. τοῖς πράγμασι), Id. 18.233; διὰ ταῦτʼ ἐγρήγορεν, ἐφέστηκεν Id. 6.19. C. aor. 1 Med. in causal sense, set up, τὰς θύρας X. Ages. 8.7; set, post, φρουροὺς ἐπεστησάμην Id. Cyr. 8.2.19; τέλος ἐπιστήσασθαι, Lat. finem imponere, Pl. Lg. 802a: pres. is once so used, τοῦ με τήνδʼ ἐφίστασαι βάσιν; why dost thou cause me to halt? S. Tr. 339. 2. ἐπιστησάμενος, intr., having been ἐπιστάτης, IGRom. 4.1265 (Thyatira).
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