δόρυ

δόρυ, τό, Att. gen. δόρατος, rare in Poets, as Ar. Ach. 1120, late Ep. dat. pl. δοράτεσσι Q.S. 6.363: Ep.and Ion. decl., gen. δούρατος (also in Pi. P. 4.38); dat. δούρατι (also in S. Ph. 721 (lyr.)); pl. δούρατα, δούρασι (but codd. of Hdt. usu. have δόρατα, δόρασι): more commonly δουρός, δουρί (but δορί Archil. 2.1); dual δοῦρε; pl. δοῦρα, δούρων, δούρεσσι; dat. pl. δούροις Opp. H. 3.573: Trag., gen. δορός; dat. δορί or δόρει, the former required by metre in A. Th. 347,456,958, Ag. 111, E. Hec. 909, Ph. 186, etc. (all lyr.), also in Id. Hec. 5; δόρει is required in S. OC 620, 1314, 1386; ξὺν δορὶ ξὺν ἀσπίδι Ar. V. 1081, but σὺν δόρει σὺν ἀσπίδι Achae. 29, cf. Choerob. in Theod. 1.346; δορί occurs in Prose in the phrases δορὶ ἑλεῖν, λαβεῖν (v. infr. II.2): nom. pl. δόρη E. Rh. 274, Theopomp.Com. 25; gen. δορῶν Hsch.: nom. δοῦρας AP 6.97 (Antiphil.). Exc. sg. δόρυ, Hom. uses only the Ion. forms: I. stem, tree, οὔπω τοῖον ἀνήλυθεν ἐκ δόρυ γαίης Od. 6.167; but commonly, plank or beam, δοῦρʼ ἐλάτης κέρσαντες Il. 24.450; δούρατα μακρὰ ταμών Od. 5.162, cf. Il. 3.61; δούρατα πύργων 12.36; δούρατʼ ἀμάξης Hes. Op. 456; mostly of ships, δόρυ νήϊον shipʼs plank, Il. 15.410, etc.; νήϊα δοῦρα Od. 9.498; also, mast, E. Tr. 1148: hence, 2. δ. εἰνάλιον, ἀμφῆρες, of a ship, Pi. P. 4.27, E. Cyc. 15; δ. ποντοπόρον S. Ph. 721 (lyr.); also δόρυ alone, A. Pers. 411, Ag. 1618, E. Hel. 1611; ἐπʼ Ἀργῴου δορός Id. Andr. 793; also δούρων, of oars, Hymn.Is. 152. 3. pillory, stocks, ἐν δουρὶ δεθεὶς αὐχένα Anacr. 21.9. II. shaft of a spear, δόρυ μείλινον the ashen shaft, Il. 5.666, al.: hence, generally, spear itself, δ. χάλκεον 13.247; ἀσπίδα καὶ δύο δοῦρε Od. 1.256, etc.; hunting-spear, Il. 12.303; δόρατα ναύμαχα boarding-pikes, Hdt. 7.89: freq. in military phrases, v. πέλεκυς I; εἰς δόρατος πληγήν within spearʼs throw, X. Eq. 8.10; εἰς δόρυ ἀφικόμενοι Id. HG 4.3.17; ἐπὶ δόρυ to the right hand, in which the spear was held, opp. ἐπʼ ἀσπίδα, Id. An. 4.3.29 (cf. κλίνω IV. 3, κλίσις III); παρὰ δόρυ Id. Lac. 11.10; εἰς δόρυ Id. HG 6.5.18; τὴν ἐμβολὴν ἐκ δόρατος ποιεῖσθαι Plb. 3.115.9:— ὑπὸ δόρυ πωλεῖσθαι, = Lat. sub hasta venire, D.H. 4.24, cf. Str. 4.6.7. b. pole of a standard, X. Cyr. 7.1.4. c. sceptre, E. Hec. 9. d. stick used as tourniquet, Hp. Nat.Puer. 24. 2. metaph., δουρὶ κτεατίζειν win wealth by the spear, i.e. in war, Il. 16.57; ὑπὸ δουρὶ πόλιν πέρθαι ib.708; in Prose, δορὶ ἑλεῖν, λαβεῖν, Th. 1.128, App. BC 4.8; an armed force, συμμάχῳ δ. A. Eu. 773; δ. ἐπακτοῦ S. OC 1525; καὶ τὸ δ. καὶ τὸ κηρύκειον πέμπειν to offer war or peace, Plb. 4.52.4. (Cf. Skt. dā´ru ‘piece of wood’, δορά (B), δρῦς.)