ἀθρόος

ἀθρόος, α, ον, (ος, ον D. 19.228, Arist. PA 675b21, etc.), ἁθρόος in Hom. acc. to Aristarch. ap. Sch.Ven.Il.14.38 and Att.(also some times ἅθρους, ουν, as Ar. Fr. 633, Hyp. Eux. 33, D. 27.35), poet.acc.pl. ἁθρόᾰς h.Merc. 106; dat. pl. ἁθροῖσιν Epigr.Gr. 1034 26 (Callipolis):—but in later writers the spir. lenis prevailed: (ἀ- II, θρόος):—A. in crowds, heaps, or masses, crowded together, Hom. only in pl., as Il. 2.439, al.; ἁθρόοι . . ἅπαντες Od. 3.34, etc.: sg. first in Pi. P. 2.35; ἀθρόοι, of soldiers, in close order, Hdt. 6.112, X. An. 1.10.13, etc.; opp. ἀσύντακτοι, Id. Cyr. 8.1.46; in column, ib.5.3.36; πολλαὶ κῶμαι ἁ. close together, Id. An. 7.3.9. II. together, in a body, ἁθρόα πάντʼ ἀπέτεισε he paid for all at once, Od. 1.43; ἁ. πόλις the citizens as a whole, opp. καθʼ ἕκαστον, Th. 2.60, cf. 1.141; ἁ. δύναμις Id. 2.39; ἁ. ἦν αὐτῷ τὸ στράτευμα was assembled, X. Cyr. 3.3.22; τὸ ἁ. their assembled force, ib.4.2.20, cf. An. 5.2.1; ἁθρόῳ στόματι with one voice, E. Ba. 725; ἁ. δάκρυ one flood of tears, Id. HF 489; ἁ. λόγος a flood of words, Pl. R. 344d; ἁθρόους κρίνειν to condemn all by a single vote, Id. Ap. 32b; πολλοὺς ἁ. ὑμῶν D. 21.131; ἄθρους ὤφθη was seen with all his forces, Plu. Them. 12, cf. Id. Sull. 12; ἁ. λεγόμενον used in a collective sense, opp. κατὰ μέρος, Pl. Tht. 182a; ἀθρόας γινομένης μεταβολῆς taking place all at once, Arist. Ph. 186a15; opp. ἐκ προσαγωγῆς, Id. Pol. 1308b16; κατήριπεν ἀ. he fell all at once, Theoc. 13.50, cf. 25.252; ἀθρόαι πέντε νύκτες five whole nights, PiP. 4.130; κατάστασις ἀθρόα καὶ αἰσθητή Arist. Rh. 1369b34; κάθαρσις ἀ., opp. κατʼ ὀλίγον, Id. HA 582b7; καταπιεῖν ἅθρους τεμαχίτας at a gulp, Eub. 9, cf. Plu. 2.650c, etc.; ἀθρόον ἐκκαγχάζειν burst out laughing, Arist. EN 1150b11, cf. Hp. Ep. 17. 2. continuous, κίνησις Plot. 3.7.8, cf. ib.1 (Comp.). 3. sudden, ἔφοδος Malch.p.412 D.; τῷ ἀ. μὴ καταπλαγῆναι Men.Prot.p.68 D.:— this sense may perh. be found in Plu. Them. l.c., Sull.l.c. 4. ἀθρόον, τό, = ἄθροισμα II, Epicur. Ep. 1p.16U., Fr. 314, Zeno Sidon. ap. Phld. Herc. 1005.7. III. complete, overwhelming, ἀ. κακότης Pi. P. 2.35; continuous, incessant, πνεῦμα Arist. Mete. 367a30; concentrated, of noise, D.H. Comp. 22, etc. IV. Adv. ἀθρόον all at once; ἄθρουν in one payment, PPetr. 2p.27, cf. D. 27.35; generally, εἰρῆσθαι Aret. SA 1.6:—regul. Adv. ἀθρόως X. Smp. 2.25, Arist. HA 533b10, etc.; ἀ. λέγειν to speak collectively or generally, Aristid. Rh. 2.547S. 2. suddenly, ἀετὸς ἀ. φανείς Hsch.Mil. 4.11, cf.19(perh.also in Arist. HA l.c.). V. Comp. ἁθροώτερος Th. 6.34, etc.; ἀθρουστέρα Phylotim. ap.Ath. 3.79b: Sup. ἀθρούστατος Plu. Caes. 20.