Plato › Greek Lexicon › ἀφαιρέω

ἀφαιρέω

aphaireo

take away from

Appears 101 times across Plato's dialogues.

Frequency by work

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Dictionary (LSJ)

ἀφαιρέω, Ion. ἀπαιρέω, fut. -ήσω: pf. ἀφῄρηκα, Ion. ἀπαραίρηκα: aor. ἀφεῖλον, later inf. ἀφέλαι GDI 4940.35 (Cret.); ἀφῄρησα Gal. 11.121:—Α. take away from:—Constr.: mostly ἀ. τί τινι, σῖτον μέν σφιν ἀφεῖλε took it from him, Od. 14.455, cf. A. Eu. 360 codd., etc. (but also, relieve one of a duty, X. Cyr. 7.1.44): less freq. ἀ. τί τινος Ar. Pax 560, X. Lac. 4.7; κῆρα χώρας A. Th. 777 (lyr.); ἔκ τινος Id. Eu. 444; also τινά τι prob. l. ib.360, S. Ph. 933, v. infr. II. I, III: c. gen., take from, τιμῆς οὔτʼ ἀφελὼν οὔτʼ ἐπορεξάμενος Sol. 5.2; μηδὲν ἀφαιρῶμεν τοῦ ἀδίκου (from the unjust man) ἀπὸ τῆς ἀδικίας Pl. R. 360e; τοῦ πλήθους diminish the number, X. Vect. 4.4: c. acc. only, ἀπελὼν τὰ ἄχθεα having taken them off, Hdt. 1.80; βασιλέων . . ὀργὰς ἀφῄρουν took away, E. Med. 455, cf.Ar. Pl. 22,Ra. 518. 2. set aside, κρέα SIG 1044.41 (Halic., iv B. C.). b. exclude, separate, τὸ Ἑλληνικὸν ὡς ἓν ἀπὸ πάντων ἀφαιροῦντες χωρίς Pl. Plt. 262d; opp. προστιθέναι, Id. Phd. 95e, etc. 3. Math., ἀ. ἀπὸ . . subtract from, Euc. Ax. 3 (Pass.), etc.; of ratios, divide out from both sides of an equation, Apollon. Perg.1.41 (Pass.); intercept, in Pass., Procl. Hyp. 2.27. 4. in Logic, abstract, c. acc., Arist. APo. 74a37, al.: abs., Id. Metaph. 1030a33. II. Med., fut. ἀφαιρήσομαι (in pass. sense, v.l. for ἀπαιρε-θήσεσθαι, Hdt. 5.35, cf. Antipho Fr. 57), later ἀφελοῦμαι Timostr. 5, Plb. 3.29.7: aor. ἀφειλόμην, later ἀφειλάμην Ph. 2.586, D.C. 41.63, cf. Phryn. 116: pf. ἀφῄρημαι (in med. sense) X. Cyr. 7.5.79 (spelt ἀφείρ- Sammelb. 4309 (iii B. C.)):—from Hom. downwds. more freq. than Act., take away for oneself; also in reciprocal sense, ἀφαιρεῖσθον τύχην ye have received each the fortune of the other, E. El. 928:—Constr. like Act., ἀφαιρεῖσθαί τί τινι, as καὶ δή μοι γέρας . . ἀφαιρήσεσθαι ἀπειλεῖς Il. 1.161; τί τινος 5.673,691, 9.335, Th. 3.58, Lys. 24.13, etc. (also τεύχεα . . ὤμοιϊν ἀφελέσθαι Il. 13.510); τι πρός τινος E. Tr. 1034; τι ἀπό τινος Ar. V. 883; ἔκ τινος X. Cyn. 12.9: c. dupl. acc. rei et pers., bereave or deprive of, μήτε σὺ τόνδʼ . . ἀποαίρεο κούρην Il. 1.275, cf. Hdt. 1.71, 7.104; freq. in Att. and Trag., Lys. l. c., Th. 8.74, D. 20.46, etc.; τέκνα ἀ. τινά E. Andr. 613, cf. Ar. Ach. 464: rarely c. acc. pers. et gen. rei, ἀ. τὰς κύνας τοῦ εὑρεῖν X. Cyn. 6.4; τῆς ἀρχῆς τινά Plu. Ant. 60; τὴν Ἀμαζόνα τοῦ ζωστῆρος Paus. 5.10.9. 2. c. acc. rei, ἀ. ψήφισμα cancel or rescind, And. 2.24; ἀφελομένης τῆς νυκτὸς τὸ ἔργον having broken off the action, Th. 4.134; ἕως κελαινῆς νυκτὸς ὄμμʼ ἀφείλετο A. Pers. 428: abs., μέχρι σκότος ἀφείλετο (sc. τὴν δίωξιν) X. HG 1.2.16; ἀ. τὴν μνήμην πολλῶν ἀγαθῶν D. 22.13. 3. folld. by μή c. inf., prevent, hinder from doing, τί μʼ ἄνδρα . . ἀφείλου μὴ κτανεῖν; S. Ph. 1303, cf. E. Tr. 1146; κἄκτεινας, ἤ τις συμφορά σʼ ἀφείλετο [μὴ κτεῖναι]; Id. Andr. 913; c. inf. Pass., τὸν τὰ ὕστερον ἀφείλετο ἀδικήματα εὐεργέτην μὴ ὀνομασθῆναι Paus. 8.52.2; c. inf. only, Pi. I. 1.62: simply, obstruct, ἀρχήν Pl. Lg. 958c. 4. ἀ. τινὰ εἰς ἐλευθερίαν, Lat. vindicare in libertatem, claim as free, Pl. Lg. 914e, Isoc. 12.97, D. 58.19, cf. Lys. 23.10, Aeschin. 1.62. III. Pass., fut. -αιρεθήσομαι E. Hel. 938; -ήσομαι Antipho Fr. 57: pf. ἀφῄρημαι, Ion. ἀπαραίρημαι Hdt. 7.159, etc.:—to be robbed or deprived of a thing, τι A. Ch. 962 (lyr.), Hdt. 3.137, etc.; τι πρός or ὑπό τινος, Id. 1.70, 3.65, 7.159; ἀφῃρέθην τὰ ἐνέχυρα ὑπό τινος D. 47.41; ἐκ χερῶν ἀφῃρέθην had them taken out of my hands, E. Tr. 486: c. inf., ἀφῃρέθη Σκίρωνος ἀκτὰς ὄμμα τοὐμὸν εἰσορᾶν was deprived of, hindered from seeing them, Id. Hipp. 1207: less freq. μηδὲν τοῦ ἐμοῦ ὄγκου ἀφαιρεθέντος ἀλλὰ σοῦ αὐξηθέντος Pl. Tht. 155b. 2. ὁ ἀφαιρεθείς, in Law, the person from whom a slave has been claimed, Id. Lg. 915a.
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